Neurotransmitters Flashcards by Sydney Collier

ACh receptors

Ionotrophic: nicotinic
Metabotrophic: muscarinic

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ACh function

Learning
Memory
Attention
Neuromuscular function
Alzheimer's

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ACh group

Biogenic amine

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Serotonin production site

Raphe nuclei in medulla and pons

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Serotonin receptors

At least 7 different receptors

Most inhibitory and metabotrophic

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Serotonin function

Regulation of mood, control of eating, onset of sleep, control of pain
Ecstasy, shrooms, LSD, SSRIs

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Serotonin group

Monoamines

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Dopamine production site

VTA, substantia nigra

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DA receptors

Metabotrophic

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DA function

Reward mechanisms
Attention
Schizophrenia (too much)
Parkinson’s (too little)

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DA group

Catecholamines

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Norepinephrine (NA) production sites

Locus coeruleus

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NA receptor

Inhibitory in CNS (alert, wakefulness)
Excitatory in PNS (target organs of sympathetic NS)
Epinephrine: metabotrophic

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NA functions

General arousal
Orienting
Depression
Cocaine, amphetamines

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NA group

Catecholamines

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GABA receptors

Ionotrophic

GABA function

Local, almost always inhibitory

GABA group

Amino acid

Glutamate receptor

Ionotrophic (3)

1 metabotrophic

Glutamate function

Learning and memory

Almost always excitatory

Glutamate group

Amino acid

Anandamide receptor

Cannabinoid receptors: interfere with 5-HT receptor

Anandamide functions

THC, chocolate

Mood, thinking, sensory perception, coordination, memory

Anandamide group

Neuromodulator

Neurotransmitter

Brain chemicals that communicate info throughout brain and body Relay signals between neurons

Ionotrophic receptor

Transmitter binding to receptors causes ion channel to open | Fast and short term

Metabotrophic receptor

G-protein mediated Slow, long-lasting Uses energy, requires metabolism

Identification of neurotransmitter:

1. Chemical and enzyme exist in presynaptic terminal 2. Chemical released by action potential 3. Chemical applied to synapse artificially induces PSPs 4. Blocking release presynaptically induces postsynaptic changes

Agonist

Drug works with neurotransmitter

Antagonist

Drug works against neurotransmitter

Acetylcholine: production site

Nucleus Basalis of Meynert | Septal Nuclei