Neurotransmitters & Drugs Flashcards Preview

GRE Psych Condense > Neurotransmitters & Drugs > Flashcards

Flashcards in Neurotransmitters & Drugs Deck (23)
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1
Q

Acetylocholine

A

found in both central and peripheral nervous systems, used to transmit nerve impulses to the muscles, linked to Alzheimers (loss of this neurotransmitter in the hippocampus)

2
Q

Catecholamines

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, also called monoamines or biogenic amines, experience of emotions

3
Q

Norepinephrine

A

catecholamine, also known as noradrenaline, controls alertness and wakefulness, implicated in depression and mania, too much is mania, too little is depression

4
Q

Dopamine

A

catecholamine, movement and posture, high concentrations found in basal ganglia, imbalance in transmission have been found in schizophrenia, amphetamines produce excessive amoutnts, phenothiazines reduces sensitivity of these receptors

5
Q

Phenothiazines

A

resduce sensitivity of dopamine receptors

6
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia

A

disruptions in dopamine transmission lead to jerky movements associated with Parkinson’s side effects of long-term antipsychotic medication for schizophrena

7
Q

L-dopa

A

treatment for motor disturbances in Parkinson’s increases dopamine levels, can produce psychotic symtoms

8
Q

Serotonin

A

monoamine or biogenicamine transmitter, regulates mood, eating, sleeping and arousal, role in depression and mania

9
Q

Monoamine Theory of Depression

A

grouping together of serotonin and norepinephrine effects on mania and depression

10
Q

GABA

A

produces inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and is thought to play na important role in stabilizing neural activity, causes hyperpolarization in the postsynapatic membrane, anxiety disorders

11
Q

Peptimes

A

two or more aminoacides joined together, ex. endorphins and enkephalins

12
Q

Nueromodulators/Neuropeptides

A

longer effects on postsynaptic cell than neurotransmitters

13
Q

Synergistic

A

additive in effect

14
Q

Barbituates

A

relatively potent tranquilizers

15
Q

benzodiazepines

A

tranquilizers used for anxiety

16
Q

Amphetamines

A

behavioral stimulants that speed up the central nervous system in ways that mimic the action of sympathetic nervous system, stimulate receptors for dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin

17
Q

Antidepressants

A

behavioral stimulants, tricyclics and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO)

18
Q

trycyciclic antidepressants

A

facilitate transmission of norepinephrine or serotonin in the synapse, block reuptake of monoamines

19
Q

MAO inhibitors

A

inhibit the action of MAO enzyme which normally breaks down and deactivates norepinephrine and serotonin in the synapse

20
Q

Methylphenidate

A

ritalin, treat children with ADD, increases alertness and decreases motor activity, amphetamine

21
Q

Thorazine, Chlorpromazine, Phenothiazine, Haloperidol (Haldol)

A

antipsychotic drugs for delusional thinking, halluciantions, agitation, commonly associated with schizophrenia, block receptor sites for dopamine, difficult for dopamine to bind

22
Q

Lithium Carbonate

A

prescribed for bipolar, prevents mood swings

23
Q

Opium, Heroin, Morphine

A

narcotics, pain relievers, bind directly to opiate receptors in the brain, mimic endorphines or naturally occuring painkillers