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mental dental > NEW PROSTH MD > Flashcards

NEW PROSTH MD Flashcards

1
Q

TOOTH that the bridge attaches to is called what?

A

abutment

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2
Q

an intermediate abutment ( abutment supported bridge by itself) is called?

A

pier

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3
Q

2 types of teeth bridge should not be on

A

endo treated

perio teeth

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4
Q

ideal crown to root ratio

A

1 C: 2 R

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5
Q

minumum crown to root ration and uneccaptable one

A

1;1

2;1 = poor

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6
Q

antes law states?

A

PDL surface of abbutment teeth should be equal or greater than imaginary PDL surface area of missing teeth

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7
Q

failure of antes law, what should happen?

A

splingting teeth

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8
Q

what should be done when replacing canine?

A

central and lateral should be splinted together to prevent lateral drifting of bridge

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9
Q

T or F diverging multiple curved roots are preferred over fused conical rounded roots?

A

T

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10
Q

what is COMBINATION SYNDROME

A

edentulous maxillary and partial edentulous mandibular

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11
Q

cement retained vs screw retained

which one allows minor angle correction?
more economical
more chair time?
good maintenance?
cause peri-implantitis?
A 
cement:
- angle correction
- more economical
more chair time
excess cement= PERI IMPLANTITIS!!!

SCREW: good maintenance

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12
Q

what controls setting rate in alginate?

A

trisodium phophate

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13
Q

position of condyles in CR?

A

most anterior and superior

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14
Q

cr or mi more reliable?

A

CR

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15
Q

on an articulator, what does hinge axis simulate?

A

TMJ

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16
Q

what are the 2 angles you want on semi-adjustable articular

A

bennett angle= 15 degrees

HCI (horizontal condylar inclination): 30 degrees

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17
Q

alginate cats vs elastomeric material casts

which material is more accurate for each bite registration?

A

alginate: wax records
elastomeric: PVS or ZOE paste

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18
Q

what represents condylar guidance and incisal guidance on articulate?

A

condylar: HCI ( horizontal condyl inclination)
- post determinatnt of conclusion
HCI : steepness of articulator surface of temporal bone related to horizontal plane

incisal guidance: pin and guide table articulator
- anterior determinnant of occlusion

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19
Q

what is canine guidance?

A

when lateral mvmnts cause post teeth to disclude when contact on upper and lower canine on working side happen

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20
Q

what is anterior guidance

A

incisal and canine guidance

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21
Q

during protrusive movements, ___ provides clearance for all posterior teeth

A

incisal and condylar guidance

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22
Q

during lateral, canine on working side and condyle on balancing side provide what?

A

clearance for post teeth on balancing side ( side mandible moving away from)

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23
Q

where is hamular notch?

A

right by virbrating line ( google it)

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24
Q

retromolar pad contains attachment from what 4 muscles? ***

A

temporalis
buccinator
superior pharyngeal constrictor
pterygomandibular raphae

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25
Q

f

A

f

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26
Q

the area between mandibular alveolar ridge and tongue

A

alveololingual sulcus

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27
Q

what provides support for denture in mandible?

A

buccal shelf

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28
Q

most to least common to get frenectomy ?

lingual labial buccal

A

Labial > buccal > lingual

LaBuLi

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29
Q

most common area for flabby hypermobile ridges?

A

anterior maxilla

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30
Q

overextended flange causes what?

A

epulis fissuratum ( hyperplastic tissue)

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31
Q

papillary hyperplasia ( ill fitting denture) caused by what PATHOGEN?

A

candidiasis

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32
Q

cpmbination syndrome has bone absorption in the anterior edentulous maxilla when opposing what teeth?

A

mandibular ANTERIOR only

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33
Q

when is the only way root tips may be left alone?

A

if they have intact lamina dura and no r/l !

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34
Q

patient has illfitting denture and hat.what do they have?

A

pagets diseae

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35
Q

WHY is tori removal done?

A

if created undercut and affects posterior seal

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36
Q

what is christenson phenomenon?

A

distal space created b/w max and mand occlusal surface when mandible protruded

A gap occurring in the natural dentition or between the opposing posterior flat occlusal rims when the mandible is protruded (posterior open bite). It can lead to instability in full dentures unless compensating curves are incorporated into the dentures.

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37
Q

balanced occlusion:

what should be avoided in terms of guidance?
what should the balancing side have in terms of what cusps occlude with what teeth ?
what should working side have?

A

anterior guidance shoud be avoided

balancing: max lingual cusps contact lingual incline of mand buccal cusps

working side: max lingual cusps contact facial incline of mand lingual cusps and mand buccal cusps contact lingual incline of max buccal vusps

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38
Q

what is the only occlusion we want on a denture?

A

lingualized occlusion:

palatal cusps max post teeth contact mand posterior teeth ( eliminates destabilizing buccal force

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39
Q

curve of spee vs curve of wilson

A

Spee: anteroposterior curve, ensure loading into long axis of each tooth; more MESIAL inclination as move distally

wilson: mediolateral curvealong posterior cusp tip to ensure loading into of each tooth
more LINGUAL inclination as move distally

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40
Q

resistance to VERTICAL seating forces is called ?

A

support

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41
Q

what provides support for mandible and maxillary?

A

mand: buccal shelf/ retromolar pad
max: palate/ alveolar ridges

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42
Q

what part of denture gives support?

A

base

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43
Q

resistance to HORIZONTAL dislodging forces

A

stability

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44
Q

what provide stability for upper and lower arch

A

ridge height

depth of vestibule

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45
Q

what part of denture provides stability

A

denture flange

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46
Q

resistance to VERTICAL dislodging forces is called what? and what part of denture provides it?

A

retention

peripheral seal

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47
Q

better saliva, thick and ropy or thin and watery?

A

thin and watery

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48
Q

what is surface tension?

A

combination of adhesion and cohesion forces

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49
Q

if denture is extended too far back occlusal forces would ___ the denture

A

dislodge

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50
Q

if a denture flange is too short it causes a lack of ___

A

retention

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51
Q

what are 2 parts of heat-cured acrylic

A

PMMA: polymer ( powder)

MMA= monomer (liquid)

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52
Q

liquid inhibitor called?

A

hydroquinone

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53
Q

initiator in PMMA powder

A

benzoyl peroxide

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54
Q

when processing denture. more shrinkage occurs when?

A

there is excessive monomer

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55
Q

ideal ration of monomer to polymer

A

1:3
monomer= liquid
polymer= powder

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56
Q

when does porosity happen?

A

underpacking with resin or being heated too rapidly

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57
Q

T or false, acrylic teeth have better retention

A

T because can bond to acrylic resin

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58
Q

more brittle acrylic or porcelain?

A

porcelain

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59
Q

what is the function of major conenctor on denture?

A

provide RIGIDITY

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60
Q

most rigid maxillary major connector

A

complete palatal plate

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61
Q

least rigid of maxillary major connector

A

horeshoe

only use if have tori

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62
Q

all major connectors should cross midline at what angle?

A

right angle

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63
Q

function of beading and when would you do it?

A

only for max major conenctor

.5mm round groove across boarder prevent food impaction

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64
Q

when lingual vestibule depth is < 7mm

A

lingual plate

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65
Q

patient walks in and needs denture. he is missing a canine and has bad period. what would you make him?

A

labial bar swinglock

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66
Q

purpose of rest?

A

SUPPORT: directs forces through long axis

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67
Q

occlusal rest:
MD width?
intercuspal width?
depth?

A

1/3 MD
1/2 IW
1.5mm deep

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68
Q

cingulum rest seat:
MD length?
labiolingual width?
depth?

A

2.5-3 MD
2 LL width
1.5 deep

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69
Q

guide planes:
Buccolingual width?
how far does it extend?

A

1/3 BL

2-3 mm vertically down

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70
Q

Indirect retainer ROTATIONAL movement centered around lien drawn in most ___ rests (m or D)

A

Distal

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71
Q

what does indirect retainer do?

A

provides bracing to resist rotational movement of distal extension area

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72
Q

Rest, minor conenctor, retentive clasp arm, reciprical clast arm

which one is retention, stability, support, ?

A

restminor connector and reciprical: stability
rest: support
retnetive clasp: retention

73
Q

T or F retentive clasp is above HOC

A

false BELOW

74
Q

where does retentive clasp engage and how does it work

A

engage undercut resist dislodging forces only when dislodging forces applied to them

75
Q

reciprical clasp engages where? function?

A

contacts tooth ABOVE hoc and survey line

braces abutment tooth so not torqued by retetntive clasp

76
Q

Suprabulge vs infrabulge clasp design

A

Supra: akers, ring, embrasure (originates above survey line)

infra: I bar, T bar ( originates below survey line)

77
Q

where does retentive and reciprical clasp orginate from?

A

minor connector and rst

78
Q

when yndercut is adjacent to bounded edentulous space what type of clasp do you use ?

A

ring clasp

79
Q

what makes up clasp assembly ex: RPA, RPI, RPC

A

rest, proximal plate, clasp type

80
Q

a patient is periodontally compromised and has endo treated teeth. what clasp system do you use ?

A

wrought wire

81
Q

what is RPD material made of

A

cobalt-chromium

82
Q

main reason why clasps break??

A

cold-working : mainupulating metal at ambient temperatures

83
Q

a secondary place is on what cusp?

A

fucntional cusp

84
Q

what are the 3 principles of tooth preparation

A

mechanical ( most important)
biologic
esthetic

85
Q

stopping removal of crown from sticky foods is called?

A

retention form ( removing along long axis)

86
Q

preventing removal of crown by horizontal, oblique, or apical forces

A

resistence form

87
Q

most operator control is by what?

A

tapering ( less tapering = better retetntion)

88
Q

minimum height or length of teeth

A

3 mm = incisors / pm

4mm= molars

89
Q

minimum ration of height to base:

A

.4

90
Q

if you have short clinical crown, what to do for retention and resistance?

A

buccal grooves for retention

proximal grooves resistance

91
Q

for metal crown minum thickness for

non contact areas? margin?

A

non contact= 1 mm
margin= .5
contact= 1.5 ( occlusal of tooth)

92
Q

whats more important redcuction or clearnace ?

A

clearance !

both 1.5- 2

93
Q 
which margin has best seal?
featheredge
light chamfer
heavy chamfer
shoulder
A

featheredge

94
Q 
which margin for pfm crown
featheredge
light chamfer
heavy chamfer
shoulder
A

shoulder for porcelain

95
Q 
which margin for ACC crown
featheredge
light chamfer
heavy chamfer
shoulder
A

shoulder

96
Q

1 lab complaint?

A

tooth underresduced so lab overbulks

97
Q

what is 3/4 7/8 crown and why used?

A

hybrid b/w onlay and crown and conserves tooth structure

98
Q

what type of occlusal point contacts do you want for occlusion in terms of size and shape?

A

broad

flat

99
Q 
which one requires enough VDO at least 2 mm 
hygeiene 
saddle/ridge lap
conical
modified ridge lap
A

hygenic

100
Q 
which one should never be used due to bad hygiene
hygeiene 
saddle/ridge lap
conical
modified ridge lap
ovate
A

saddle/ ridgelap

101
Q 
which one has marginally better esthetic used for molars 
hygeiene 
saddle/ridge lap
conical
modified ridge lap
ovate
A

conical

102
Q 
which one is used for anteriors ?
hygeiene 
saddle/ridge lap
conical
modified ridge lap
ovate
A

mod ridge lap

103
Q 
which one requires surgery and is best for ant esthetics 
hygeiene 
saddle/ridge lap
conical
modified ridge lap
ovate
A

ovate

104
Q

conenctor for PFM bridge should have a minum of __ mm height

A

3 mm

105
Q

tissue manigment for fluid control. what is the medicine called?

A

atropine ( antisialagogues)

106
Q

chemical formula for viscostat and hemodent

A 
ALCl = hemodent
FeSO4= viscostat
107
Q

most inaccurate impression material?

A

irreversible hydrocolloid ( alginate)

108
Q

what is imbibition

A

absorption of water

109
Q

what is syneresis

A

loss of water

110
Q

impression with the best fine detail?

A

PVS ( addition silicone )

111
Q

GYPSUM is mines as ____ and manufactures as __

A

calcium-sulfate dihydrate 2H2O

calcium-sulfate hemihydrate 1/2 H20 ( hit got rid of some water)

112
Q

1, 2 ,3 ,4 ,5

which gypsum material is the best one ?

A

type 4

113
Q

1, 2 ,3 ,4 , 5

which gypsum material is used for impression (mounting) plaster?

A

Type 1

114
Q

1, 2 ,3 ,4 ,5

which gypsum material is used for model plaster

A

2

115
Q

1, 2 ,3 ,4 ,5

which gypsum material is used for dental stone

A

3

116
Q

extra water needed to obtain workable mix of material?

A

gauging water

117
Q 
how water affects:
 strength
porosity
expansion
setting time
A 
more water: 
less strength
more orosity
less expansion
increased setting time
118
Q

best one) 1, 2 ,3 ,4 ,5

which gypsum material is used for mouth guards or essex retainers?

A

2

119
Q

least amount of expansion

1,2,3,4,5

A

4 (that is why it is thebest)

120
Q

How to decrease setting time qith:
water amount
water temperature
spatulation time

A

: hot water, less water, increased spatulation time

121
Q

what are 3 noble metals ?

A

GOld
Platinum
Palladum
SILVER PRECIOUS METAL NOT NOBLE!!

122
Q

which noble metal is tarnish resistant?
gold
platinum
palladium

A

gold

123
Q

which noble metal incr strenth ?
Gold
platinum
palladium

A

platinum

palladium

124
Q

which noble metal increases melting temp
gold
platinum
palladium

A

platinum

125
Q

which metal causes greening of porcelain?

A

silver

126
Q

what is high noble alloy made of?

A

> 60% noble, at least 40% gold

127
Q

what is noble alloy made of

A

> 25% noble

128
Q

base metal alloy made of?

A

<25% noble

129
Q

type 1 gold alloy example and composite of gold?

A

98-99% class V restorations only/ soft

130
Q

type 2 gold alloy example and gold percentage?

A

77% inlay

131
Q

type 3 gold example and percentage?

A

72%

crowns

132
Q

type 4 gold example and percentage?

A

69% RPD casting (STRONGEST !!!)

LESS GOLD= STRONGER

133
Q

the ability to resist fractures during compression is called what?

A

compressive strength

134
Q

abilitiy to resist fracture during pulling called?

A

tensile strength

135
Q

ability to resist fracture during bending

A

flexural

136
Q

what material has the best fracture toughness?

A

zirconia

137
Q

prime example of material being very brittle?

A

Porcelain ( fractures easy without substantial dimension changes)

138
Q

what is ductility and what is a prime example?

A

wires

deforms under tensile strength (pulling)

139
Q

deforms easily under COMPRESSIVE strength

A

malleability

gold

140
Q

percentage elongation is the ability to be what? and what is an example

A

burnished

contact stress exceeds yield strength of material

GOLD

141
Q

order of greatest to least coeffecient of thermal expansion

A

Composite, metOl (amalgam), Tooth, cEramic

COTE

142
Q

which coefeccient of thermal expansion is closes t to tooth

gold, porcelain, amalgam, composite?

A

GOLD
gold = 14
tooth = 11.4

143
Q 
desirable mechanical properties :
yield strenth?
elastic modulus?
casting acuracY?
biologic compatibility?
CTE?
A
  • High yield strength ( does not permanently deform)
  • high elastic modulus: does not flex
  • casting accuracy: gold is more accurate than base metal
  • NI and BE allergies
  • CTE: closest. to tooth
144
Q

msot common dental metal alergy?

A

Ni

145
Q

best material for provisional?

A

Bis-acryl composite ( integrity)

146
Q

why cleaning provisional cement is imperative

A

Eugenol : inhibits polymerization of resin !!

147
Q

in order to bond porcelain to metal, what must be present ?

A

monomolecular oxidative layer !!!!

porcelan
oxide layer ( in middle)
Metal

148
Q

in order to bond porcelain to metal, what must be present to connect the 2 ?

A

monomolecular oxidative layer !!!!

porcelain
an oxide layer ( in middle)
Metal

149
Q

for occlusal contact, occlusal contact must be at least ___ mm away from porcelain-metal junction

A

> 1.5 mm

150
Q

metal-ceramic failures:

cohesisve failures within ocide-oxide happens if what?

A

oxide layer TOO THICK

151
Q

adhesive failures in porcelain - metal is due to what?

A

oxide layer was not formed

152
Q

why do PFM bridges fracture easy?

A

porcelain low ductility

153
Q

for ACC CROWNS, glass infiltrated ceramics etched with what? and treated with what after?

A

HF acid !! ( not phosphoric)

Silane coupling

154
Q

zirconia crown, what material do you use ?

zinc oxide eugenol
Zinc Phosphate
 Zinc polycarboxylate
GI
RMGI
Resin cement
A

Luting Cement : RMGI , GI:

zirconia = ceramic with no glass

155
Q 
Porcelain veneer *** :
how much gingival third reduction?
facial reduction?
incisal reduction?
how deep into dentin?
A
  • .3 mm gingival third
  • .5 mm facial reduction
  • 1-2 mm incisal
    INTRA ENAMEL!! Not in dentin
156
Q

what is a maryland bridge? differnece from conventional bridge?

A

resin-bonded bridge

conventional bridge: more removal of tooth structure

157
Q

most important color system

value
hue
chroma

A

value

158
Q

saturation or intensity ?
hue
value
chroma

A

chroma

159
Q

color family?

hue
value
family

A

hue

160
Q

lightness or darkness

hue
value
family

A

value

0- black
100- white

161
Q

color appears differnt under different lighting
metamerism
fluorescence
opalescence

A

metamerism

162
Q

light effect of a translucent material appearing blue and reflected red-orange in transmitted light
metamerism
fluorescence
opalescence

A

opalescence

163
Q

shade slection for :

middle third of crown
cervical third of crown
incisal third of crown

chroma, hue, value

A

value first
chroma second
hue lat

164
Q

when picking characterization alywas pick something with (high/low) amount of (value, chroma, hue)

A

HIGH VALUE!!!

can always add color and make darker but not the reverse

165
Q

for crown delivery what is the number 1 thing you check ??

A

shade (esthetics!)

166
Q

what type of bonding for temp crown?

zinc polycarboxylate
Zinc Phosphate
Zinc Oxide Eugenol
GI
RMGI
A

ZOE ( inhibirts polymerization of resin) temp cement

167
Q 
when putting on zirconia crown what do you use?
zinc polycarboxylate
Zinc Phosphate
Zinc Oxide Eugenol
GI
RMGI
A

RMGI

168
Q

a zirconia crown uses what

zinc polycarboxylate
Zinc Phosphate
Zinc Oxide Eugenol
GI
RMGI
resin cement
A

GI/ or RMGI (LUTING CEMENTS)

luting: ceramcis with no glass

169
Q 
PGM or FMC uses what type of agent?
zinc polycarboxylate
Zinc Phosphate
Zinc Oxide Eugenol
GI
RMGI
A

GI/ RMGI

luting cement because luting for those without glass ceramics

170
Q

lithium disulcate (EMAX) uses what agent?

zinc polycarboxylate
Zinc Phosphate
Zinc Oxide Eugenol
GI
RMGI
Resin
A

Resin Cement: Rely X

bonds dentin, usd with cermaics with glass in them

171
Q 
ACC crown what used ?
zinc polycarboxylate
Zinc Phosphate
Zinc Oxide Eugenol
GI
RMGI
Cement
A

Resin Cement : rely X

remember etch with HF acid !!

172
Q

Lithium DIsilicate (emax) , Metal, Veneers (feldpathetic porcelain), Zirconia

which one is resin and which one is luting?

A

Resin: LIthium disilicate (emax) and Veneers (Feldpathetic)
there are chemical bonded to dentin

Luting: GI. or RMGI
Zirconia and Metal crowns

173
Q

when investing ) making negative by covering wax with investment material: ***

what is material used for
gypsum bonded investment?
Phosphate bonded investment
Silica bonded inviestment

A

gypsum bonded: gold
phosphate bonded: PFM
Silica bonded: base metal

174
Q

porosityof porcelain happens when what?

A

inadequate CONDENSING of porcelain

175
Q

porosity of acylic happens when?

A

too fast heating

176
Q

shrinkinkage porasity of metal happens when?

A

sprue too THIN prevents moleten metal from flowing into mold

177
Q

back pressure porosity of metal happens when?

A

sprue too SHORT

178
Q

what is the purpose of ditching the die?

A

expose the margin of prep

179
Q

what is the purpose of die spacer?

A

allows room for cement

mental dental (18 decks)

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