NOCTI Exam Flashcards
(188 cards)
0
Q
Latent fingerprints can be lifted by using powder, ninhydrin, or
A
Carbon
1
Q
Bloody evidence should be packaged in a
A
Paper bag
2
Q
When conducting a detailed search of a crime scene over a large area, the law enforcement officer(s) should utilize a
A
Helicopter
3
Q
The acronym, DNA, means _______ acid
A
Deoxyribonucleic
4
Q
Toxicology is the study of
A
Poisons
5
Q
DNA analysis studies ______ structure in the body
A
Molecular
6
Q
When photographing a crime scene, photographs should be taken in the following view sequence:
A
General, medium, close-up
7
Q
Crime-sketching methods include cross projection, triangulation, and
A
Coordinate
8
Q
Witnesses should be _____ after a crime scene has been secured
A
Secured individuality
9
Q
Upon arriving at a crime scene the first thing to do is to
A
Survey and secure the scene
10
Q
evidence should be
A
Properly documented and tagged
11
Q
The tiny ridges in the skin of the fingerprint are known as ______ ridges
A
Pattern
12
Q
A typical method used to develop a fingerprint at a crime scene is
A
Dusting
13
Q
The term latent fingerprint is a Latin word meaning
A
Hidden
14
Q
In order to identify a rough crime scene sketch which is not professionally prepared a police officer should label the sketch as
A
Not drawn to scale
15
Q
A finish crime scene sketch differs from an initial crime scene sketch in that it contains
A
Lettered Or numerical markers
16
Q
Skidmarks on asphalt as an accident scene measure 64 feet in length. Given the drag factor of 0.75, use the formula below to calculate the minimum speed in miles per hour of the vehicle at the beginning of the skin. S equals 5.5 square root sign D*F
A
38.1
17
Q
The lowest level on the force continuum is _____ control
A
Officer Prescence
18
Q
On the force continuum, the police officer may use _____ levels above the threat posed by the offender.
A
Three
19
Q
According to the force continuum, ____ is an example of deadly force.
A
A firearm
20
Q
When responding to an emergency situation, a police officer should
A
Proceed with due care and caution
21
Q
The term, vicarious liability, means that
A
Liability is shared
22
Q
If a police officer discharges a firearm, the officer may be responsible for
A
Negligent act
23
Q
Which Supreme Court case set the standards for the use of deadly force by police?
A
Tennessee versus Garner
24
Using deadly force, the officer should consider opportunity, jeopardy, and
Probability or location
25
Police officers justified in drawing his or her weapon when
Deadly force is a threat
26
When subduing a subject, avoid using an impact weapon on the offenders
Head
27
A non-lethal weapon that uses a wire to transmit the control is called
Taser
28
Using ____ is considered deadly force.
A knife
29
The term, expandable baton, describes a
ASP
30
The_____ are the most affected by Pepper spray
Eyes
31
When an officer goes to the firing range, he or she must have _____ protection.
Eye and ear
32
A shooter observes a safety hazard while at firearm qualification. The shooter should
Yell "cease-fire "
33
Firearm should always be treated as if it is
Loaded
34
An officer gives a suspect an order, but the suspect fails to follow the order. The officer should use
Impact Weapon
35
Compliance control relies on the______ points on the body.
Nerve
36
The term, reactionary gap, is the
Distance it takes a car to come to a complete stop after breaking
37
When conducting a photo lineup, all suspect should have
Varied Heights and weights
38
A type of "consent "search includes a
Trunk of the vehicle with the drivers permission
39
The term ,_____, refers to the area immediately adjacent to a person's residence.
Yard
40
When conducting a search with consent, the
Search must be general
41
The fourth amendment guarantees an individual protection against
unusual search and seizure
42
The sixth amendment guarantees an individual
Right to a speedy trial
43
The eighth amendment guarantees and individual protection against
Cruel and unusual punishment
44
The_____amendment governs excessive bail and the implementation of the right to bail
Eighth
45
The first 10 amendments to the US Constitution are known as the
Bill of Rights
46
Most criminal statutes are removed, added, modified by the _____ branch of government
legislative
47
Most law-enforcement agencies fall under the____branch of government.
Executive
48
"Three strikes and you're out "is an example of legislation that targets
recidivism
49
And officer is off duty and observes a traffic infraction outside his or her jurisdiction. The officer should
Notify local authorities
50
A school resource officer observes a student with what appears to be a firearm in his or her backpack. The officer can search and arrest the student based on
Reasonable suspicion
51
An officer may make a felony arrest based on
probable cause
52
Crimes against the person include murder, rape, robbery, and
assault
53
What is another term for "intent "in the field of criminal law?
Mala in se
54
A_______ is a crime punishable by at least one year in prison
Misdemeanor
55
The term, actus reus, refers to the
Mental ability
56
A fast-growing type of white-collar crime is
money laundering
57
The term,_, defines a standard of proof drawn from objective fact and reasonable inferences in light of experience.
reasonable suspicion
58
The concept of precedent is based on ____ law.
Case
59
What is the legal term for a civil or personal wrong?
Tort
60
If an officer wanted to increase muscle mass, he or she would eat more
Protein
61
Alcoholic beverages contain _____, which increases the likelihood of weight gain
carbohydrates
62
General exercise produces endorphins which could_____the impact of stress for an officer
Lower
63
When should CPR be stop?
When the victims believed dead by the officer
64
The purpose of CPR alone is to
Restart the victims heart
65
A sucking chest wound is best cared by using a_____dressing to cover the wound.
pressure
66
A person with known diabetes is showing signs of irritability. There are no signs of trauma. The person should be given small amounts of
Sugar
67
When arresting a suspect known to have tuberculosis, the officer said
Wear a mask
68
When one person is performing CPR on a child, he or she should use what ratio of breathes to compressions?
2: 30
69
When placing a splint on a broken wrist, the splint needs to
Extend from the fingertips to the elbow
70
Anaphylaxis significantly impacts the_____systems.
respiratory
71
The_____system will indicate to the first sign of shock
Nervous
72
A broken wrist primarily affects the_____system.
Musculoskeletal
73
What is the shape of the hazardous materials placard?
Triangular or diamond
74
When responding to a hazardous material spill, attempt to identify the type of hazardous material by
Getting the shipping paper
75
Flares should be avoided at a hazardous material spill scene because the flare could
Present a fire or explosion danger
76
Use a Class A fire extinguisher on a_____fire.
Ordinary combustibles
77
OSHA stands for
Occupational safety and health administration
78
HIV is transmitted through exposure
to blood
79
When handling a suspect believed to have aids, the officer should
Wear latex or vinyl gloves
80
While involved in a traffic stop, the driver exits the vehicle to ask the officer a question. The officer should
Order the driver back into the vehicle
81
During a high-risk traffic stop, the officer should generally be positioned
Using the protection of the patrol vehicle
82
During a vehicle pursuit, when the vehicle stops, the officer should
Empty the vehicle using high risk stop procedures
83
An officer is making an arrest on a violent suspect who is in the kneeling position. The officer should place handcuffs on the suspect
Immediately on approach
84
The best method of placing handcuffs on the suspect is
Key holes toward the elbows, double locked, behind the back
85
The term, double lock handcuffs, means to
Activate mechanism so the handcuffs will not close further
86
In_____, the US Supreme Court upheld stop and frisk procedures.
Terry versus Ohio
87
Prior to a pat down search, the officer should
Inquire about contraband
88
The term,____, refers to a protective search for weapons.
Stop and frisk
89
Police officers stop vehicles and issue citations and warning to motorists to
Gain compliance
90
Before and after transporting a prisoner in a police vehicle, the officer should
Check the backseat for contraband
91
When making a traffic stop, the officer must especially watch the drivers
hands
92
For safety reasons during a vehicle stop, the officer should
Have his or her weapon drawn
93
A law-enforcement officer should
Not take any free materials or services
94
The_____generally deals with police corruption.
Department of internal affairs
95
If a police officer's partner comes to work intoxicated, the officer should
Report it to the supervisor
96
A police officer has legal responsibility to
Protect property, life, and defend the rights of others
97
The_____division generally has the most officers in a medium to large police agency
patrol
98
The FBI, IRS and DEA are all_____agencies.
Federal
99
The scientific approach to studying the nature, extend, cause, and control of criminal behavior is called
criminology
100
The term,_____, means confinement in jail or prison
incarceration
101
In 1841, a cobbler named John Agustus developed the concept of
Probation
102
Shock incarceration is typically designed for a target population of _____ offenders
Youthful first time
103
Two major prison systems in the United States are Auburn and
Pennsylvania
104
In managing prisons and jails, one recent innovation is to operate them
Through private companies
105
The most common execution method used for the death penalty in the US is
Lethal injection
106
In 1972 a moratorium was placed on the death penalty in the case of
Furman versus Georgia
107
The challenges to capital punishment usually fall under the_____constitutional.
Eighth
108
The highest security prisons in the federal prison system are called
Supermax
109
A method of monitoring offenders is to use
An ankle bracelet
110
The term_____describes the believe that someone will change their behavior due to incarceration or punishment.
Rehabilitation
111
If an offender make suicidal statements during the booking process the offender must be
Placed in observation
112
During the booking process officer must
Take possession of all the suspects property
113
The booking procedure includes mental medical and_____evaluation
Physical
114
A search warrant is invalid if it is
Not signed by a judge
115
The standard of proof that law enforcement officers must have before a judicial officer can issue a warrant is called
Probable cause
116
A_____is a legal document ordering a person to testify in a court of law as a witness.
Subpoena
117
A_____is a written court order directing a law-enforcement officer to conduct a search or arrest the person
Warrant
118
Courts that have the authority to review decisions of a lower court are known as_____courts.
appellate
119
The highest level of authority in criminal law is
The U.S. Constitution
120
The_____has primary jurisdiction over cases involving disputes between states.
US Supreme Court
121
When offering testimony in court the officer should direct his or her responses towards the
Judge or jury
122
An officer who maintains an alert demeanor and proper attire during a court appearance exhibits
Professionalism and authority
123
In courtroom testimony officers may use_____to refresh their memories.
Police reports
124
The_____represent the states case in a criminal trial
Prosecuting attorney
125
The_____interprets the law to the jury
Judge
126
They must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
Prosecution
127
The standard of proof necessary to find the defendant guilty in a criminal trial is
Probable cause
128
Bail was originally established
To ensure that the defendant would return to court
129
In_____the Supreme Court made the right to be represented by an attorney binding on the states
Gideon versus Wainwright
130
The_____can appeal a jury's decision.
Judge
131
The term_____refers to the study of punishment.
penology
132
Establishing the exact locations where a crime occurred is essential for establishing the_____of the crime.
Legal jurisdiction
133
The_____plea in a criminal case cannot be admitted as evidence in a civil trial.
Guilty
134
The term_____refers to negotiation an agreement in criminal trial
Plea-bargain
135
Pretrial publicity would likely cause a motion to_____to be made prior to the beginning of the trial
Change venue
136
Testimony that is not admissible in court is called
Hearsay
137
Juvenile court are considered
Non-adversarial
138
The term refers to decisions by a judge that a child has committed delinquent acts.
adjudication
139
The term refers to an act committed by a juvenile that is considered a crime when committed by an adult
Delinquency
140
A_____is a document asking the court to assume jurisdiction over a juvenile.
Petition
141
Prior to beginning a radio transmission the officer should depress the microphone button and
Pause briefly before speaking
142
During radio transmission of a critical incident it is allowable to
Request a cease on all radio traffic
143
When responding to a bomb threat, prior to arrival at the scene, an officer should
Turn off all radios
144
Accident reports provide important information for
Driver licensing
145
Since most people can only retain approximately 10% of what they hear, which item is most preferred when documenting the details of the crime scene?
Fieldnotes
146
To be objective, police reports must be written
In the first person
147
Three characteristics of a good police report are
Legibility, clarity, and accuracy
148
The_____amendment addresses self-incrimination.
Fifth
149
The_____case dealt with self-incrimination and advisement of rights
Miranda versus Arizona
150
During an interview involving a domestic dispute, the police officer should
Interview all parties separately and remain neutral
151
Utilizing appropriate_____language techniques can de-escalate an emotionally charged situation.
Noninvasive
152
To be effective, officers must utilize communication skills that involve_____messages.
Verbal and nonverbal
153
The term,_____, describes a hierarchical structure to follow for complaints.
Line structure
154
When citizens are alerted to a crime problem, crime reporting usually
increases
155
One of the biggest problems facing police officers is the lack of public
Confidence
156
One of the most controversial and damaging issues facing police officers and public perception of the police is
Police brutality
157
The_____is a computerized network linked to local police departments, providing information on stolen vehicles, wanted persons, stolen guns, and other crime related materials.
NCIC (national crime information center)
158
The_____is a computer based national law-enforcement information clearinghouse.
NCIC
159
The_____maintains the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) system.
FBI
160
The unlawful use of force to coerce people or governments regarding political or social objectives is called
Terrorism
161
Heavily armed groups in the United States, organized around such themes as white supremacy, militant tax resistance, or extreme ideologies are known as_____ terrorists.
Domestic
162
Al-Qaeda is an example of a _____ terrorist group.
International
163
Movements based on _____ often use tactics such as bombing, kidnapping, hostage taking, hijacking, and assassinations.
Terrorism
164
Most counterterrorism strategies involve an increase in
intelligence
165
The common component in terrorism is
creating fear
166
A major objective of terrorist is to
Generate publicity for the cause
167
legal status, authority, qualifications, and training are topics concerning
attorneys
168
The term, access control, means
Monitoring movement in and out of the facility
169
The term, loss prevention, means
A proactive approach to inventory control
170
A recognized program aimed at neighborhood crime prevention is known as
Community policing
171
The program aimed at teaching youth to "say no to drugs" is
DARE
172
Neighborhood watch programs aimed to
MPower citizens
173
The first step in identifying and controlling terrorism is
Threat assessment
174
What is the name of the agency responsible for border and domestic protection?
Homeland security
175
In the United States, people can combat terrorism by
Maintaining a heightened awareness
176
The difference between races, gender, beliefs, and customs is called
Cultural diversity
177
If an officer makes a stop or arrest based on a person's race or ethnicity it is an example of
Racial profiling
178
When dealing with the suspect of another gender or race, the officer must
Have another officer present before proceeding with a body search
179
The standard test to determine knowledge between right and wrong is known as
The M'Naghten rule
180
The_____plea is a recognized legal defense for a criminal act.
Guilty
181
A prisoner who demonstrated suicidal tendencies should be
Placed in an observation cell
182
The key to success with substance abuse treatment programs is
Getting the person admitted to the appropriate program
183
A person under the influence of amphetamines generally exhibits
Hyperactivity
184
The field test for blood alcohol content BAC at the time of arrest registered 0.16% at 11:15 PM on Sunday. The driver was booked into jail at 1 AM Sunday, and the jurisdiction required a BAC of 0.05% for release. Given a dissipation rate of 0.018% per hour at approximately what time could the driver be released on Sunday?
5:30 AM
185
The RICO act was put into place to help combat
organized crime
186
among gangs,_____is the leading crime activity.
Drug sales
187
What historical event contributed to the rise of organized crime in the United States?
Prohibition
