Non-Sampling Error Flashcards
Selection Bias
The sampling process is such that a specific group is excluded or under-represented in the sample, deliberately or inadvertently. If the excluded or under-represented group is different, with respect to survey issues, then bias will occur
Self-Selection Bias
The sampling process allows individuals to select themselves. Individuals with strong opinions about the survey issues or those with substantial knowledge will tend to be over-represented, creating bias.
Behavioral Considerations
Answers given by respondents do not always reflect their true beliefs because they may feel under social pressure not to give an unpopular or socially undesirable answer.
Interviewer Effects
Answers given by respondents may be influenced by the desire to impress an interviewer. The sex, race, religion, and manner of the interviewer can all influence how people respond to a particular question.
Transfer of Findings
Taking the data from one population and transferring the results to another can lead to incorrect conclusions being made.
Non-Response Bias
If people who refuse to answer are different, with respect to survey issues, from those who respond then bias will occur. This can also happen with people who are never contacted and people who have yet to make up their minds.
Also, if the samples response rate is low, bias can occur because respondents may tend consistently to have views that are more extreme than those of the population in general.
Question Effects
The wording of questions can influence survey results. Even small changes can make big differences in results.
Survey Format Effects
The order in which questions are asked, how the survey is conducted (in person, online, via the phone) and the number and type of options offered can influence survey results
Name All Non-Sampling Errors
BINSSSQT Behavioral Considerations Interviewer Effects Non-response Bias Selection Bias Self Selection Bias Survey Format Effects Question Effect Transfer of Findings
