what are dietary sources of vitamin K?
- leafy greens
- tomatoes
- cauliflower
- liver
- egg yolks
if a patient is taking warfarin what do they need to monitor in their diet?
vitamin K
- intake should remain constant
what education is needed about fluoride supplements?
remind them to spit out oral rinses and gels rather than swallow them
what group of people are most sensitive to minerals or electrolytes?
children
what kind of intoxication can be fatal for children?
iron intoxication
true or false: all minerals are toxic when taken in excess
true
what teaching is needed with iron supplements?
take with or after meals with approximately 240mL to prevent stomach upset
what should iron not be taken with?
coffee or other caffeine substances
- take 2 hours before
what would stools look like with iron supplements?
stools will be dark green or black
- report constipation or change in color or consistency
why should iron be drunk through a straw?
to avoid staining the teeth
what is black cohosh used for?
relieve symptoms of menopause, PMS, dysmenorrhea
what are the side effects of black cohosh?
N/V and bradycardia
what is chamomile used for?
relieve stomach cramps, decrease cholesterol, antispasmodics (sleepy time tea)
what are the side effects of chamomile?
increased bleeding and anaphylaxis
what is creatine used for?
increase energy and improved athletic performance
what are the side effects of creatine?
weight gain, not to be used in children and adolescents
what is feverfew used for?
migraines, menstrual irregularities, and arthritis
what are the side effects of feverfew?
increased bleeding, can cause withdrawal
what is garlic used for?
lowers cholesterol
what are the side effects of garlic?
increased bleeding, N/V, and dizziness
what is ginger used for?
treatment of nausea and motion sickness
what are the side effects of ginger?
inhibits platelet aggregation, delays clotting times
what is ginkgo biloba used for?
improve memory and cognitive function
what are the side effects of ginkgo biloba?
increased bleeding, GI upset, headaches, and rashes
what is ginseng used for?
increase stamina and endurance
what are the side effects of ginseng?
hypertension, depression, rash, palpitations, and increased bleeding
what is melatonin used for?
treatment for insomnia
what are the side effects of melatonin?
confusion, headache, tachycardia, and increased bleeding
what teaching is needed for melatonin?
can’t be used routinely
- no more than 7-14 days in a row
what is St. John’s Wart used for?
depression “herbal Prozac”
what are the side effects of St. John’s Wart?
Gi upset, photosensitivity, interacts with MANY drugs
what is valerian used for?
muscle relaxor, promotes sleep
what are the side effects of valerian?
CNS depression, blurred vision, drowsiness, the risk for liver damage because that is where it is processed
what is saw palmetto used for?
treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia
what are the side effects of saw palmetto?
GI upset, headache, diarrhea
