Obj. 8: Symp. & Parasymp Effects on Specific Organs

Question 1

What is the parasympathetic effect on the eyes?

Answer 1

• Stimulates iris sphincter muscles, so pupils constrict
• Stimulates ciliary muscle, which bulges lens for close vision

Question 2

What is the sympathetic effect on the eyes?

Answer 2

• Stimulates iris dilator muscles, so pupils dilate
• Inhibits the ciliary muscle, which flattens the lens for far vision

Question 3

What is the parasympathetic effect on salivary glands?

Answer 3

Stimulates secretion of watery saliva

Question 4

What is the sympathetic effect on salivary glands?

Answer 4

Stimulates secretion of thick, viscous saliva

Question 5

What is the parasympathetic effect on Eccrine Sweat glands?

Answer 5

• no effect, (no innervation)

Question 6

What is the sympathetic effect on Eccrine Sweat Glands?

Answer 6

• Stimulates large amounts of sweating (via cholingergic fibers)

Question 7

What is the parasympathetic effect on Arrector pili muscles?

Answer 7

No efffect (no innervation)

Question 8

What is the parasympathetic effect on Adrenal Medulla?

Answer 8

No effect (no innervation)

Question 9

What is the sympathetic effect on Arrector pili muscles?

Answer 9

Stimulates contraction

Question 10

What is the sympathetic effect on Adrenal Medulla?

Answer 10

Stimulates cells to secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 11

What is the parasympathetic effect on Heart (Cardiac) Muscle?

Answer 11

Decreases rate; slows heart

Question 12

What is the sympathetic effect on the Heart (Cardiac) muscle?

Answer 12

Increases rate & force of contraction

Question 13

What is the parasympathetic effect on Blood Vessels?

Answer 13

Little or no effect

Question 14

What is the sympathetic effect on Blood Vessels?

Answer 14

• Constricts most vessels and increases blood pressure
• Constricts vessels of abdominal viscera and skin to divert blood to muscles, brain & heart
• NE constricts most vessels
• Epinephrine (released from adrenal medulla)dilates skeletal muscle vessels during exercise

Question 15

What is the parasympathetic effect on Lungs?

Answer 15

Constricts bronchioles (narrows the airways)

Question 16

What is the sympathetic effect on Lungs?

Answer 16

Dialtes bronchioles (opens up the airways)

Question 17

What is the parasympathetic effect on gastrointestinal Tract

Answer 17

• Increases motility (peristalsis) of stomach and intestines
• Increases amount of digestive secretions (incl. enzymes)
• relaxes sphincters to allow for movement of food along tract

Question 18

What is the sympathetic effect on Gastrointestinal Tract?

Answer 18

• Decreases motility (peristalsis) of stomach and intestines
• Decreases secretion activity of digestive organs & glands
• Constricts sphincters (ex: stomach and anal sphincters)

Question 19

What is parasympathetic effect on Bladder?

Answer 19

Contracts smooth muscle of bladder wall; relaxes sphincter; promotes urination

Question 20

What is sympathetic effect on Bladder?

Answer 20

Relaxes smooth muscle of bladder wall; constricts sphincters; inhibits urination

Question 21

What is the parasympathetic effect on External Genitalia?

Answer 21

• Causes vasodilation (erection/engorgement)
• Increases lubrication

Question 22

What is the sympathetic effect on External Genitalia?

Answer 22

• Causes ejaculation (penis)
• Causes contractions of vagina