Oceans Unit 5

Question 1

what is a biome

Answer 1

a group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms

Question 2

6 major land biomes

Answer 2

rainforests, deserts, grasslands, deciduous forests, boreal forests, and tundras

Question 3

2 major water ecosystems

Answer 3

marine and freshwater

Question 4

what determines a biome

Answer 4

temperature and precipitation

Question 5

compare and contrast a temperate and tropical rainforest

Answer 5

both have rain, temperate has moderate temperatures and tropical has warm and humid

Question 6

what are the different layers of a tree

Answer 6

canopy: leafy roof
understory: 2nd layer of short trees and vines

Question 7

describe the temperatures deserts experience

Answer 7

large shifts from day to night, extreme temperatures

Question 8

what organisms are found in grasslands

Answer 8

bison, elephants, deer

Question 9

how are grassland and savannas similar

Answer 9

same type of prairie environment w/ long grass and scattered shrubs

Question 10

what is unique about leaves on deciduous trees

Answer 10

they shed their leaves and grow back every year

Question 11

examples of trees found in boreal forests

Answer 11

fir, spruce, hemlock

Question 12

what happens to the soil in the tundra

Answer 12

it freezes (permafrost)

Question 13

describe the different bodies of water in freshwater ecosystems

Answer 13

streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes

Question 14

what is the difference between freshwater and marine ecosystems

Answer 14

marine: ocean, saltwater
freshwater: everything else

Question 15

define abiotic

Answer 15

non-living components

Question 16

define biotic

Answer 16

living components

Question 17

life zones are based on what physical conditions

Answer 17

light, salinity, moisture, pressure, temperature

Question 18

pelagic zone

Answer 18

open ocean from continental shelf to deep water

Question 19

neritic zone

Answer 19

shallow ocean less than 200 m

Question 20

oceanic zone

Answer 20

deeper ocean more than 200 m

Question 21

supratidal zone

Answer 21

only receives sea spray

Question 22

intertidal zone

Answer 22

between high and low tide, marked by the strandline

Question 23

subtidal zone

Answer 23

below low tide line, always submerged underwater

Question 24

coast

Answer 24

extends inland as far as ocean related features are found

Question 25

beach

Answer 25

wave-worked sediment deposit of the shore area

Question 26

nearshore

Answer 26

extends seaward from low tide shoreline to low tide breaker line

Question 27

offshore

Answer 27

zone beyond low tide breakers

Question 28

coastline

Answer 28

boundary between shore and coast

Question 29

shoreline

Answer 29

water's edge that migrates with the tide

Question 30

dune

Answer 30

is a mound of sand formed by the wind, usually along the beach or in a desert. Dunes form when wind blows sand into a sheltered area behind an obstacle.

Question 31

foreshore

Answer 31

part of shore above high tide shoreline

Question 32

backshore

Answer 32

part of shore exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide

Question 33

berm

Answer 33

dry, gently sloping, elevated beach margin at the foot of coastal cliffs or sand dunes

Question 34

breakerzone

Answer 34

is the zone where waves break as a consequence of depth limitation and surf onshore as wave bores

Question 35

high tide

Answer 35

level is the average height of water at high tide

Question 36

bar

Answer 36

sand bars parallel to coast -may not always be present -can cause approaching waves to break -longshore trough - separates long shore bar from beach face

Question 37

low tide

Answer 37

level is the average height of the low tide

Question 38

5 different ocean zones

Answer 38

epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, abyssopelagic, hadapelagic

Question 39

what zones receive sunlight

Answer 39

epipelagic and mesopelagic

Question 40

what zones are in the darkness

Answer 40

bathypelagic, abyssopelagic, hadopelagic

Question 41

what are the 3 basic lifestyles in the ocean

Answer 41

plankton, nekton, benthos

Question 42

give an example of plankton, nekton, and benthos

Answer 42

plankton: jellyfish nekton: mollusks benthos: sea stars

Question 43

what are plankton

Answer 43

producers and consumers

Question 44

equation for photosynthesis

Answer 44

CO2 + H2O = C6H1206 (carbohydrate) + O2 (oxygen)

Question 45

how can plankton be studied

Answer 45

microscopes, underwater cameras, satellites

Question 46

why are plankton so important

Answer 46

they produce oxygen and are an important food source

Question 47

why do scientists use satellites to study plankton

Answer 47

because you can monitor the color of the ocean's surface

Question 48

what is the difference between phytoplankton and zooplankton

Answer 48

phytoplankton: plants, producers zooplankton: animals, consumers

Question 49

barnacles, starfish, snails, and clams are examples of organisms found in which zone

Answer 49

neritic

Question 50

the ______ zone contains the first few hundred meters of deep ocean (where the light penetrates)

Answer 50

surface

Question 51

what is NOT a major biome

Answer 51

temperate rainforest

Question 52

which 2 biomes are similar

Answer 52

savanna and grassland

Question 53

true or false: lakes receive the same amount of sunlight as ponds

Answer 53

false

Question 54

the zone below the low tide line which extends over the continental shelf

Answer 54

neritic

Question 55

the zone that only receives sea spray from crashing waves

Answer 55

supratidal

Question 56

zone that is below the low tide line at all times

Answer 56

subtidal

Question 57

which zones are given the name midnight zone

Answer 57

bathypelagic, abyssopelagic, hadopelagic

Question 58

zone which is the primary area of food production

Answer 58

epipelagic

Question 59

sessile organisms are different from vagrant because

Answer 59

they live attached to the bottom

Question 60

first zone to NOT receive sunlight

Answer 60

bathypelagic

Question 61

which zones have low density and low marine life

Answer 61

bathypelagic and abyssopelagic

Question 62

which is most commonly found at the surface

Answer 62

plankton

Question 63

a sea urchin is

Answer 63

vagrant

Question 64

examples of autotrophs

Answer 64

grass, algae, phytoplankton

Question 65

examples of autotrophs

Answer 65

grass, algae, phytoplankton

Question 66

what color shows high amounts of plankton

Answer 66

red

Question 67

satellites equipped with color scanners measure the concentration of ______ in the ocean

Answer 67

chlorophyll

Question 68

zooplankton are ________ while phytoplankton are ________.

Answer 68

go up and down, at the surface