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Anatomy Module 8 > Ocular Anatomy > Flashcards

Ocular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Thin, transparent vascular tissue that extends from the limbusto the mucocutaneousjunction of the eyelid

A

Conjunctiva

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2
Q

2 types of conjuctiva

A

Bulbar and Palpebral Conjuctiva

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3
Q

lines the inner aspect of the eyelids

A

Plpebral conjuctiva

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4
Q

covers the sclera

A

Bulbar

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5
Q

Blodd supply of conjuctiva

A

anterior ciliaryartery

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6
Q

Nerve supple of conkuctiva

A

1st division of CN V (ophthalmic division)

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7
Q

Fine, thin, elastic layer which covers the sclera
Underneath the conjunctiva
Contains numerous blood vessels –> provide nourishment for the sclera

A

Epiclera

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8
Q

Thick outer coat of the eye
Normally white and opaque
Avascular& fibrous (collagen

A

Sclera

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9
Q

Anterior and Posterior Extensions of sclera

A

Continuous with the cornea anteriorlyand with the duralsheath of the optic nerve posteriorly

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10
Q

Size of sclera

A

0.3 mm thick where the EOM’s insert

about 1 mm thick elsewhere

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11
Q

Transparent front “window”of the eye

Refracts light

A

Cornea

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12
Q

Layers of cornea

A
  1. Corneal epithelium
  2. Bowman’s layer
  3. Corneal Stroma
  4. Dua’slayer
  5. Descemet’smembrane
  6. Endothelium
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13
Q

-nonkeratinizedstratified squamousepithelium, regenerative ability

A

Corneal epithelium

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14
Q

collagen fibers

A

bowmans layer

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15
Q

strong layer, discovered in 2013

A

Dua’s layer

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16
Q

Composotion of corneal stroma

A

hick layer (90%) of regularly arranged collagen fibers (type 1), keratinocytes

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17
Q

thin acellularlayer that serves as the modified basement membrane of the endothelium, collage type IV

A

Descemet’s membrane

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18
Q

monolayer of cuboidalcells, not able to regenerate, responsible for the corne’sdeturgescence

A

Endothelium

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19
Q

The junction between cornea and sclera

A

Limbus

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20
Q

Anterior Chamber of Eye

A

Iris
Lens
CiliaryBody

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21
Q

The sclera May develop whitening as part of old age calles

A

Arcus senilis

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22
Q

Posterior chamber

A 
Vitreous Cavity
Retina
Macula
Choroid
Optic disc
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23
Q

The space between the cornea and iris
Contains a watery fluid called aqueous humor
Normally acellular

A

Aqueus humor

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24
Q

Angle formed by the inner cornea and iris roots

Comprised of several structures that make up the eye’s drainage

A

Anterior Chamber Angle

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25
Q

The Eyes drinage system components

A

trabecularmeshwork

Schlemm’scanal

26
Q

middle, vascular layer of the eye

A

Uveal tract

27
Q

middle layer of eye

A

Iris
Ciliarybody
Choroid

28
Q

contributes to the blood supply of the retina

A

Choroid

29
Q

Colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light that enters the eye

A

iris

30
Q

hole at the center of the iris that, size is controlled by the iris muscles

A

pupil

31
Q

Accounts for the variety of eye colors seen

Dependent on the amount of pigment in the iris

A

Pigmented posterioir surface

32
Q

COmposition of pimented posterioor surgace

A

Blood vessels, connective tissue, melanocytesand pigment cells

33
Q

WHat muscles does the iris contain

A

dilator and sphincter muscles

34
Q

Contraction of the sphincter muscle:

A

pupil constriction

35
Q

pupil dilation

A

Contraction of the dilator muscles

36
Q

Major circle of the iris

A

blood supply of iris

37
Q

innervaton of iris

A

ciliarynerves

38
Q

Circular opening at the center of the iris

Adjusts the amount of light entering the eye

A

pupil

39
Q

2 determinants of pupillary size

A

constriction (parasympathetic activity –CN III)

dilation due to sympathetic activity

40
Q

Structure of the eye that produces aqueous humor

A

CIliary body

41
Q

Changes seen in contraction of ciliary body

A

Changes the tension of the zonularfibers suspending the lens

Change in tension leads to increased thickness of the lens allows eye to focus at near objects (accommodation)

42
Q

Vascular, pigmented layer between the sclera(externally) and the retina (internally)

A

Choroid

43
Q

Provides blood supply to the outer retinal layers

A

Choroid

44
Q

Biconvex structure
Refracts and focuses light on the retina
Suspended in place by zonulefibers

A

Lens

45
Q

What suspend the lens in place

A

zonule fibers

46
Q

Size of Lens normally

A

Anteroposterior: 4.0 to 5.0 mm

Equatorial diameter: 9.0 to 10mm

47
Q

narrow space behind the iris and in front of the zonulefibers
Space anterior to the crystalline lens
Filled with aqueous humor
Normally acellular

A

Posterior chamber

48
Q

Large space behind the lens

Extends up to the retina

A

Vitreous Cavity

49
Q

transparent gel-like material

A

vitreous humor

50
Q

Normal volume vitreous cavity can hold

A

4.5 cc in

51
Q

True or flase:

The vitreous humor is rich in blood vessels, 98-99% water, collagen, glycosaminoglycanhyaluronicacids, proteins

A

FASLE:

devoid of blood vessels, 98-99% water, collagen, glycosaminoglycanhyaluronicacids, proteins

52
Q

Thin, semitransparent, multilayer sheet of neural tissue lining the vitreous cavity

A

Retina

53
Q

Layers of Retina from outer to inner

A
  1. Retinal pigment epithelium
  2. Photoreceptor
  3. Outer limiting membrane
  4. Outer nuclear layer
  5. Outer plexiformlayer
  6. Inner nuclear layer
  7. Inner plexiformlayer
  8. Ganglion cell layer
  9. Retinal nerve fiber layer
  10. Inner limiting membrane
54
Q

Branch of the ophthalmic artery

supplies inner 1/3 of the retina

A

Central retinal artery

55
Q

wHAT IS BEING SUPPLIED BY THE CHOROIDAL ARTERIES

A

Supplied by the ophthalmic artery

Supplies outer 2/3 of the retina

56
Q

Area of the retina responsible for fine, central vision

A

mACULA

57
Q

oval depression in the center of the macula
Approximately 2 disc diameters away from the optic disc
Slight inferior to the optic disc

A

Fovea

58
Q

True or fasle:

The Optic nerve is not really a peripheral nerve, it is actually a direct extension of the CNS

A

TRUE

59
Q

1.2 M axons
50 mm long
Synapses at the lateral geniculatenucleus

A

Optic nerve

60
Q

BS of optic nerve

A

Circle of zinn-haller

61
Q

What does the Circle of Zinn-haller supply

A

Short PCA
Choroidalcirculation
Pialvasculature

Anatomy Module 8 (3 decks)

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