OLD MEDS

Question 1

acetaminophen (tylenol)

Answer 1

• for mild to moderate pain and to treat fever
• adverse effects = nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic, risk of overdose when taking vicoden and percocet
• contraindications = heavy alc users, people with liver damage
• max dose = 3000 mg/day

Question 2

tramadol (ultram)

Answer 2

• dual mechanism of action for moderate to severe pain
• contraindications = when ppl have allergies to opioids bc cross reactivity, do not give to ppl over 75, may interact w antidepressants (SSRIs) and cause seizures
• similar adverse effects to opioids

Question 3

morphine sulfate

Answer 3

• prototype for all opioid drugs
• contraindicated in ppl with renal issues bc build up of a dangerous metabolite
• MS contin (extended release)

Question 4

oxycodone

Answer 4

• commonly combined w tylenol for Percocet and aspirin for percodan
• IR = oxyIR and SR = oxycotin
• hydrocodone is a weaker form that is combined w tylenol to make vicodin

Question 5

fentanyl

Answer 5

• comes in patches (duragesic) and lozenges and buccal lozenges
• nursing considerations = only use for patients with chronic or cancer pain, do not give to opioid naive pts, change patch every 72 hours, do not cut patch or expose it to heat

Question 6

hydromorphone (dilaudid)

Answer 6

• very potent (7x more potent than morphine)

- exalgo = extended release, hard to crush to prevent abuse

Question 7

codeine

Answer 7

• has ceiling effect
• works as constipation med and anti-cough (antitusset) and pain
• adverse affects = mostly GI