Opthalmic Glaucoma Tx Flashcards
glaucoma is
an increase in intraocular pressure from excessive production OR diminished outflow of aqueous humor (too much fluid or can’t drain fluid)
3 types of glaucoma treatments
selective and nonselective betablockers “LOLS”; prostaglandin analogues “PROST”; carbonic anhydrase blockers “LAMIDE”
how does beta blockers decrease intraocular pressure?
decrease production of aqueous humor; vasodilate
example of opthalmic nonselective beta blocker
timolol
what is the nsg consideration with opthalmic nonselective beta blockers?
if systemically absorbed, it’s CONTRA: asthma pt
4 FDA approved “PROST”aglandin analogues
latanoPROST; bimatoPROST; travoPROST; unoPROSTone
“PROST”aglandin analogues have fewer side effects than
beta blockers
action of “PROST”aglandin analogues
bind to prostaglandin
nsg consideration with prostaglandin analogues
develop PERMANENT dark pigmentation of iris, eyelids; LASHES grow
a/e of prostaglandin analogues
hyperemia; too much blood for tissues
action of carbonic anhydranase inhibitors “LAMIDES”
inhibit production of carbonic acid, which leads to decrease of aqueous humor, which leads to decrease in intraocular pressure
what do we use carbonic anhydranase inhibitors “LAMIDES” for glaucoma?
when PARASYMPATHETICS cholinergic direct miotic pilocarpine, and cholinergic indirect miotic cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine, and SYMPATHETICS beta blocker timolol, and Adrenergic agonist epinephrine did NOT work
name 4 carbonic anhydrase inhibitors “LAMIDES”
acetazoLAMIDE; brinzoLAMIDE; dorzoLAMIDE; timolol-dorzoLAMIDE
what is the safe dosage/route for carbonic anhydrase inhibitor “LAMIDE” acetazoLAMIDE?
205-1000 mg/day PO
nsg considerations for carbonic anhydrase inhibitor “LAMIDE” acetazoLAMIDE
monitor dehydration r/t polyuria/n/v, postural hypotension, electrolytes r/t LOW K+; avoid hazardous activities r/t drowsiness; assess renal and hepatic function; do I+Os and daily wt; oral hygiene; artificial tears r/t dry eyes; avoid prolonged exposure to sun r/t photosensitivity; s/e lethargy, anorexia, parasthesia, depression, renal calculi
