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Organology 2 > Oral cavity 2 > Flashcards

Oral cavity 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

2 types of innervation for salivary glands and products

A
  • sympathetic: thick saliva

- parasympathetic: watery saliva

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2
Q

2 types of salivary glands

A
  • minor

- major

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3
Q

minor salivary glands

A
  • scattered in submucosal CT

- named for location

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4
Q

major salivary glands

A
  • compound glands
  • encapsulated with thin septa between lobules
  • within lobules: loose CT, lymphocytes, and/or plasma cells
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5
Q

parotid gland secretion

A

serous

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6
Q

mandibular gland secretion

A

mixed serous and mucous

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7
Q

sublingual gland secretion

A

mixed serous and mucous

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8
Q

zygomatic gland secretion

A

mixed serous and mucous

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9
Q

molar/buccal gland secretion

A

mixed serous and mucous

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10
Q

types of secretory cells of salivary glands (3)

A
  • serous cells
  • mucous cells
  • myoepithelial cells
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11
Q

serous cells

A
  • form acini or demilunes

- canaliculi between mucous cells connect demilunes to gland lumen

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12
Q

acinar and demilune cells info

A
  • from serous cells

- apical membrane bound granules, RER, golgi

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13
Q

mucous cells

A
  • form acini or tubuloacinar units

- apical mucinogen granules, flattened basal nuclei, and basal RER/golgi

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14
Q

myoepithelial cells

A
  • processes surround acini and intercalated ducts
  • located on epithelial side of basal lamina
  • contraction of processes helps move secretions along duct system
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15
Q

what do intralobular secretory duct secrete

A

H2O, electrolytes

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16
Q

2 types of intralobular secretory ducts

A
  • intercalated ducts

- striated ducts

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17
Q

intercalated ducts

A
  • smallest part of duct system
  • pale low cuboidal cells
  • short
  • arise from acini
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18
Q

striated ducts

A
  • columnar cells (transport epithelium)
  • striations –> increased area for ion transport processes
  • not prominent in zygomatic/molar glands
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19
Q

2 types of excretory ducts

A
  • interlobular ducts

- main ducts

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20
Q

interlobular duct

A
  • columnar to stratified cuboidal

- thin CT layer surrounding and between lobules

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21
Q

main duct

A
  • terminal portion of sytem
  • stratified cuboidal epithelium
  • stratified squamous near duct opening
  • open into oral cavity
  • may contain goblet cells
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22
Q

structure of minor glands

A
  • similar to major glands except smaller and less complex
  • secretory lobules
  • duct system (cuboidal to stratified cuboidal)
  • no striated ducts
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23
Q

functions of salivary glands (6)

Study These Flashcards
A
  • protection
  • lubrication
  • fluid
  • IgA
  • digestive enzymes
  • electrolyte balance
24
Q

functions of GI tract

Study These Flashcards
A
  • movement of ingesta
  • digestion (mechanical, chemical)
  • absorption
  • secretion
25
4 layers of tubular organs
- tunica mucosa - tunica submucosa - tunica muscularis - tunica adventita/serosa
26
tunica mucosa components
- innermost layer (most variation) - epithelium - lamina propria - muscularis mucosa - mucosal glands - villi
27
epithelium of t. mucosa
- stratified squamous in the mouth, esophagus, non-glandular stomach, anal canal - simple columnar from glandular stomach through rectum
28
lamina propria of t mucosa
- thin CT layer - may or may not be on thin layer of muscle - fine collagen fibers, cellulae - abundant diffuse lymphatic tissue - solitary or aggregated lymphatic nodules (GALT)
29
muscularis mucosa of t mucosa
- smooth muscle | - 0-3 layers between t. mucosa and t. submucosa
30
mucosal glands of t. mucosa
- glandular stomach through rectum | - structure and cells vary with organ
31
t submucosa
- coarse CT - glands in some parts of esophagus/duodenum - larger blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels - submucosal nerve plexus (sympathetic/parasympathetic fibers, parasympathetic terminal ganglia) - lymphatic nodules, free cells
32
t muscularis
- 2 layers of smooth muscle - inner: form sphincters - outer: form longitudinal bands - myenteric plexus (parasympathetic terminal ganglia, autonomic fibers)
33
t adventitia v serosa
- adventita: ill-defined layer of CT blending with surrounding CT - serosa: thin CT layer covering mesothelium
34
esophagus
- longitudinal folds | - elastic fibers
35
t mucosa of esophagus
- epithelium: stratified squamous, keratinized in herbivores/pigs - muscularis mucoda: longitudinal orientation, may be absent/sparse cranially, increases thickness caudally
36
t submucosa of esophagus
- tubuloacinar glands (mostly mucous, some serous demilune cells) - glands only found cranially
37
t muscularis of esophagus
- inner circular, outer longitudinal layers - striated muscle entire length in dogs, ruminants - striated muscle cranially only in cat, pig, horse - circular layers form sphincter
38
t adventitia/serosa of esophagus
- adventitia: most of esophagus | - serosa: small area adjacent to stomach
39
functions of simple glandular stomach
- storage/mixing - mechanical/chemical digestion - secretions
40
regions of simple stomach (3)
- cardiac - pyloric - fundic
41
cardiac region of stomach
- near esophagus - may be small - predominantly mucous cells - pits and glands may be relatively short
42
pyloric region of stomach
- near pyloris - predominantly mucous cells - deepest pits - short, coiled glands - thickest t muscularis
43
fundic region of stomach
- body and fundus - largest region - greatest variety of cell types in glands
44
what is non-glandular stomach region lined by
stratified squamous epithelium
45
t mucosa of stomach
- gastric folds: gastric areas and pits - areas are permanent elevations - pit depth varies - tall columnar epithelium lining pits - base of pits: gastric glands
46
lamina propria of stomach
- sparse - fine collagen fibers and free cells between gastric glands - varying amounts of diffuse lymphoid tissue
47
subglandular layer of stomach
- carnivores - protects against perforation and microbial invasion - border between lamina propria and muscularis mucosa
48
2 parts of subglandular layer of stomach
- stratum granulosum (cellular) | - stratum compactum (packed collagen fibers)
49
muscularis mucosa of stomach
- 3 layers of smooth muscle | - strands from inner layer extend between glands toward mucosal surface
50
t submucosa of stomach
- coarse CT - abundant free cells - largest blood vessels - submucosal plexus
51
t muscularis of stomach
- 3 layers: inner oblique, middle circular, outer longitudinal - myenteric plexus
52
t serosa of stomach
covers outermost surface
53
luminal gastric surface and gastric pit epithelial cells of stomach
- columnar mucus secreting cells - mitoses in base of gastric pit (older cells displaced toward lumen) - entire epithelium replaced every few days - cells sloughed from surface epithelium
54
gastric gland cells
- replaced by mitoses occurring in gland neck region | - older cells displaced toward base of gland
55
gastric mucosal barrier
- protects gastric mucosa from acid stomach contents and physical damage - alkaline mucus and HCO3

Organology 2 (4 decks)

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