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FS103 - Anatomy & Physiology > Organ Systems - An Overview > Flashcards

Organ Systems - An Overview Flashcards

1
Q

How many Organ systems are there?

A

11

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of the Integumentary System?

A
  • (skin) forms a barrier between outside and inside
  • protects deeper tissue from injury
  • helps regulate body temperature
  • location of cutaneous nerve receptors - touch, pain, pleasure (senses)
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3
Q

What are the 3 components of the Integumentary System?

A

1) Skin
2) GI Tract
3) Synovial Joints (Knee, elbow, wrist, shoulder, hip)

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4
Q

What are the functions of the Integumentary System?

A
  • Protection
  • Secretion
  • Regulate Body Temp (via sweat)
  • Store Nutrients
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of the Skeletal System?

A
  • protects & supports body organs
  • provides muscle attachment for movement
  • site of blood cell formation (bone marrow)
  • stores minerals (ie. calcium/phosphorus)
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6
Q

What are the types found in the Skeletal System?

A
  • Axial Skeleton
  • Appendicular skeleton
  • cartilage
  • joints
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7
Q

What is the axial skeleton?

A

the skull, spine & ribs

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8
Q

What is the appendicular skeleton?

A

appendages, shoulders, hips, arms, legs

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9
Q

How is cartilage different from bone?

A

cartilage has less blood supply

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10
Q

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

A
  • structure and protection (skull or ribs)
  • movement
  • hematopoiesis (blood creation)
  • mineral storage (ca, mg, zn, bo, st)
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11
Q

What are the characteristics of the muscular system?

A
  • produces movement
  • maintains posture
  • produces heat
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12
Q

What are the types of muscle?

A
  • cardiac muscle (heart)
  • skeletal muscle (ie deltoid)
  • smooth muscle (organs)
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13
Q

What are the functions of the muscular system?

A
  • movement of limbs, face, food or fluids in the body
  • production of heat
  • storage of glycogen (long chains of glucose)
  • maintains posture
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14
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

the ability of the body to keep internal conditions at the optimal or ideal state regardless of outside influences. Keeping the interior of the body relatively stable.

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of the nervous system?

A
  • fast acting control system
  • responds to internal/external change
  • activates muscles and glands
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16
Q

What are the parts of the nervous system?

A
  • Central (brain and spinal cord)
  • Periphreal (nerves outside the central nervous system)
    • motor neurons
    • sensory neurons
17
Q

What are the functions of the nervous system?

A
  • conduct signals
  • sensory (gathering information)
  • motor (to move in response)
  • control of organism
18
Q

What are the characteristics of the Endocrine System?

A
  • Secretes regulatory hormones
    • growth
    • reproduction
    • metabolism
19
Q

What are the components of the Endocrine System?

A
  • pituitary gland (in the brain)
  • Pineal gland (in the brain)
  • Parathyroid Gland (next to the thyroid to control/regulate)
  • Pancreas (insulin & glucagon production)
  • Hypothalamus (in the brain)
  • adrenal glands (cortisol/DHEA/Adrenaline/Epinephrine)
  • thyroid gland
  • gonads (overies and testes)
20
Q

What are the functions of the Endocrine system?

A
  • signalling to tissues and cells of the body
  • coordinate function of organism
    • growth
    • reproduction
    • metabolism
      • anabolism
      • catabolism
21
Q

What are the characteristics of the Cardiovascular system?

A
  • transports materials in the body via blood pumped by the heart
    • oxygen
    • carbon dioxide
    • nutrients
    • wastes
22
Q

What is the cardiovascular system composed of?

A
  • heart
  • arteries
  • veins
  • Arterioles
  • venules
  • capillaries
23
Q

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • Transportation
    • > oxygen
    • > Nutrients
    • > Wastes
    • > Hormones
    • > WBC/Platelets
      - -> for infection and damage control
24
Q

What are the characteristics of the Lymphatic System?

A
  • returns fluids to blood vessels
  • cleanses blood
  • involved in immunity
25
Q

What is the Lymphatics System composed of?

A
  • lymph nodes
  • lymph vessels
  • tonsils
  • thymus
  • spleen
  • Bone Marrow
26
Q

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

A
  • immunity
  • immune cells’ reproduction and storage
  • returns leaked fluid from cardiovascular system, back to the heart
  • cleanse blood
27
Q

What are the characteristics of the Respiratory system?

A
  • keeps body tissues supplied with oxygen

- removes carbon dioxide

28
Q

What are the components of the respiratory system?

A
  • nose
  • sinuses
  • pharynx
  • larynx
  • trachea
  • bronchi
  • bronchioles
  • alveoli
  • diaphragm
29
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

A
  • interface with air
    • > take in O2
    • > eliminate CO2
    • > filter air
  • speech
  • help maintain blood pH
30
Q

What are the characteristics of the digestive system?

A
  • breaks down food
  • allows for nutrient absorption into blood
  • eliminates indigestible material as feces
31
Q

What is the digestive system composed of?

A
  • mouth
  • esophagus
  • stomach
  • liver
  • gallbladder
  • pancreas
  • small intestine
  • large intestine
  • rectum
  • anus
32
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system?

A
  • food:
    • determine what is fit for consumption
    • breakdown
    • assimilation
    • elimination
    • first line of protection
33
Q

What are the characteristics of the urinary system?

A
  • eliminates nitrogenous wastes
  • maintains acid-base balance
  • regulates water and electrolytes
34
Q

What are the components of the urinary system?

A
  • kidney
  • ureter
  • bladder
  • urethra
35
Q

What are the functions of the urinary system?

A
  • filters blood
  • excretes nitrogenous wastes of body - urea and uric acid (where do these come from?)
  • Maintain body electrolyte balance
  • excretes excess water, minerals, glucose
36
Q

What are the characteristics of the reproductive systems?

A
  • produces offspring
  • testes produce sperm & male hormones
  • ovaries produce eggs and female hormones
37
Q

What are the components of the male reproductive system?

A
  • seminal vesicle
  • prostate
  • testes
  • scrotum
  • urethra
38
Q

What are the components of the female reproductive system?

A
  • Ovaries
  • Fallopian Tubes
  • Uterus
  • Cervix
  • Vagina
39
Q

What are the functions of the reproductive systems?

A
  • mix genetic information (male and female)

- grow offspring (female)

FS103 - Anatomy & Physiology (8 decks)

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