Organisation

Question 1

addiction

Answer 1

A need to keep taking a drug in order to feel normal.

Question 2

alcoholic

Answer 2

A person who is addicted to alcohol.

Question 3

Alveoli

Answer 3

Small air sacs found at the end of each bronchiole where gas exchange takes place with the blood.

Question 4

anus

Answer 4

Muscular ring through which faeces pass out of the body.

Question 5

Asthma

Answer 5

A lung disorder in which inflammation (swelling) causes the bronchi to swell and narrow the airways, creating breathing difficulties.

Question 6

Balanced diet

Answer 6

Eating food containing the right nutrients in the correct amounts.

Question 7

Bile

Answer 7

Substance that breaks fat into droplets.

Question 8

Breathing

Answer 8

The movement of air in and out of the lungs.

Question 9

bronchiole

Answer 9

Small tube in the lung.

Question 10

bronchus

Answer 10

One of two tubes which carry air into the lungs.

Question 11

carbohydrase/ amylase

Answer 11

Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates like starch into sugar molecules.

Question 12

Carbohydrate

Answer 12

Nutrient that supplies the body’s main source of energy. There are two types: simple (sugars) and complex (starch).

Question 13

catalyst

Answer 13

Substances that speed up chemical reactions but are unchanged at the end.

Question 14

condense

Answer 14

The change of state from gas to liquid.

Question 15

contract

Answer 15

To get shorter or smaller.

Question 16

deficiency

Answer 16

A lack of minerals that causes poor growth.

Question 17

depressant

Answer 17

A drug that slows down the body’s reactions by slowing down the nervous system.

Question 18

diaphragm

Answer 18

A sheet of muscle found underneath the lungs which is used in breathing.

Question 19

dietary fibre

Answer 19

Parts of plants that cannot be digested. It helps the body to eliminate waste by providing bulk to keep food moving through the digestive system.

Question 20

digestion

Answer 20

Process in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules.

Question 21

digestive system

Answer 21

Group of organs that work together to break down food.

Question 22

drug

Answer 22

Chemical substance that affects the way your body works.

Question 23

enzyme

Answer 23

Substances that speed up the chemical reactions of digestion resulting in large molecules being broken into small molecules.

Question 24

ethanol

Answer 24

The drug found in alcoholic drinks.

Question 25

exhale

Answer 25

Breathing out, to remove carbon dioxide.

Question 26

food test

Answer 26

Chemical test to detect the presence of particular nutrients in a food.

Question 27

gas exchange

Answer 27

The transfer of gases between an organism and its environment.

Question 28

gut bacteria

Answer 28

Microorganisms that naturally live in the intestine and help food break down.

Question 29

hypothesis

Answer 29

An explanation you can test which includes a reason and a ‘science idea’.

Question 30

inhale

Answer 30

Breathing in, to take in oxygen.

Question 31

large intestine

Answer 31

Lower part of the intestine from which water is absorbed and where faeces (solid waste of undigested food) are formed.

Question 32

lipase

Answer 32

Enzyme that breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 33

lipid

Answer 33

Nutrient that provides a store of energy and insulate the body. Found in butter, milk, eggs, nuts.

Question 34

lungs

Answer 34

The organ in which gas exchange takes place.

Question 35

lung volume

Answer 35

Measure of the amount of air breathed in or out.

Question 36

malnourishment

Answer 36

Eating the wrong amount or wrong types of food.

Question 37

medicinal drug

Answer 37

Drug that has a medical benefit to your health.

Question 38

mineral (biology)

Answer 38

Essential nutrient needed in small amounts to keep you healthy.

Question 39

nutrient

Answer 39

Essential substance that your body needs to survive, provided by food.

Question 40

Obese

Answer 40

Extremely overweight

Question 41

passive smoking

Answer 41

Breathing in other people’s smoke.

Question 42

protease

Answer 42

Enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids.

Question 43

protein

Answer 43

Nutrient your body uses to build new tissue for growth and repair. Sources are meat, fish, eggs, dairy products, beans, nuts, and seeds.

Question 44

recreational drug

Answer 44

Drug that is taken for enjoyment.

Question 45

rectum

Answer 45

Faeces are stored here, before being passed out of the body.

Question 46

respiration

Answer 46

The process that transfers energy in plants and animals. In respiration, glucose reacts with oxygen to make carbon dioxide from water.

Question 47

respiratory system

Answer 47

Organ system which replaces oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the blood.

Question 48

ribs

Answer 48

Bones which surround the lungs to form the ribcage and protect the lungs.

Question 49

small intestine

Answer 49

Upper part of the intestine where digestion is completed and nutrients are absorbed by the blood.

Question 50

starvation

Answer 50

Extreme case of not eating enough food.

Question 51

stimulant

Answer 51

A drug that speeds up the body’s reactions by speeding up the nervous system.

Question 52

stomach

Answer 52

Organ where food is mixed with acidic juices to start the digestion of protein and kill microorganisms.

Question 53

trachea

Answer 53

Tube which carries air from the mouth and nose to the lungs.

Question 54

unit of alcohol

Answer 54

10 ml of pure alcohol.

Question 55

villi

Answer 55

Tiny projections in the small intestine wall that increase the area for absorption.

Question 56

vitamin

Answer 56

Essential nutrients needed in small amounts to keep you healthy.

Question 57

withdrawal symptoms

Answer 57

Unpleasant symptom a person with a drug addiction suffers from when they stop taking the drug.