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Flashcards in Organization and Power Deck (25)
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1
Q

Social Organization

A

The patterning of human interdependence in a given society through the actions and decisions of its members

2
Q

Power

A

Tranformative capacity; the ability to transform a given situation

3
Q

Domination

A

Coercive rule

4
Q

Persuation

A

Power based on verbal argument

5
Q

Resistance

A

The power to refuse being forced against ones will to conform to someone else’s wishes

6
Q

Consensus

A

An agreement to which all parties collectively give their assent

7
Q

Hegemony

A

A system of leadership in which rulers persuade subordinates to accept the ideology of the dominant group by offering mutual accommodations that nevertheless preserve the rulers’ privileged position

8
Q

Political Antropologists

A

Address the area of human behaviour and thought related to power

9
Q

5 Types of Political Organizations

A
  1. Band
  2. Tribe
  3. Chiefdom
  4. Confederacy
  5. State
10
Q

Band

A

Foraging groups comprised of a small group of households
Between 20 and a few hundred people
Membership is flexible
Leader is first among equals

11
Q

Tribe

A

Horticulture and pastoral groups comprised of several band each with similar lifestyle, language, and occupying a distinct territory
Leadership is a part-time basis and combines

12
Q

Chiefdom

A

Permanently allied tribes and villages under one leader
Larger populations
Heritable systems of rank and social stratification

13
Q

Confederacy

A

Expanded version of chiefdom

Occurs when several chiefdoms are joined in a confederacy and joined by a chief-of-all-chiefs

14
Q

State

A

Define citizenship, rights, and responsibilities
Maintain law and order
Keep track of their citizens

15
Q

Social Control

A

Processes which help to produce and maintain orderly social life

16
Q

Norms

A

Behavioural codes that guide peoples actions to conform to social acceptability
Three types
1. Folkways - everyday customs
2. Mores - norms based on broad societal morals
3. Laws - codified social sanctions

17
Q

Social Control in small-scale Societies

A

Formal laws are rare

Punishment is often naming and shaming

18
Q

Social Control in Large-Scale Societies

A

Increased specialization of tasks related to law and order

Processes are more formal and based on law

19
Q

Legal Pluralism

A

A situation in which more than one kind of legal process might be applied was created through the colonial legacy

20
Q

Ethnic Cleansing

A

The eradication of one ethnic or religious community by another within a particular region

21
Q

Genocide

A

The deliberate and systematic killing a specific ethnic or national group by the authorities

22
Q

Ethnocide

A

Intentional and systematic destruction of the culture of an ethnic group

23
Q

Prejudice

A

Unfavourable, generalized and rigid belief applied to all members of a group

24
Q

Discrimination

A

Practices that deny members of particular groups equal access to societal rewards

25
Q

Institutional Racism

A

Discriminatory racial practices built into prominent structures such as political, economic and educational systems