Orofacial Flashcards
(115 cards)
1
Q
Muccobuccal fold
A
Point where lips/cheeks turns to go toward gingival tissue
2
Q
Alveolar mucosa
A
Mucosa lying against alveolar bone
Loosely attached and moveable
3
Q
Mucogingival junction
A
Point where gingiva becomes tightly attached to the bone
4
Q
Lateral borders
A
The teeth and mucosa confines the lateral borders of the oral cavity proper
5
Q
Palatoglossal arch
A
The anterior pillar
6
Q
Palatopharyngeal arch
A
Posterior pillar
7
Q
Retromolar pad
A
Small elevation of tissue posterior to mand molars
8
Q
Fauces
A
Spaces between left and right tonsils
9
Q
Sublingual caruncles
A
Small elevations in each side of the base of the lingual frenum
10
Q
2 divisions of oral cavity
A
Vestibule
Oral cavity proper
11
Q
Oral cavity proper includes
A
Floor of the mouth
Soft/hard palate
12
Q
3 categories of oral mucosa
A
Masticatory mucosa
Lining mucosa
Specialized mucosa
13
Q
Specialized mucosa is found
A
Dorsum of the tongue
14
Q
Masticatory mucosa is found?
Undergoes what?
A
Gingiva and hard palate
Undergoes trauma (keratinized)
15
Q
4 areas of lining mucosa
A
Labial/buccal mucosa
Alveolar mucosa
Soft palate
Central surface of the tongue/floor of the mouth
16
Q
Characteristics of lining mucosa
A
Loose
Flexible
Non keratinized
17
Q
Fovea palatine
A
2 small depressions on either side of the midline
18
Q
Beginning stages of the tongue development in utero happens
A
4.5weeks
19
Q
Tongue is covered with what type of epithelium
A
Stratified squamous epithelium
20
Q
4 types of papilla
A
Filiform
Fungiform
Foliate
Circumvallete
21
Q
Circumvallete papilla
A
V shaped row circular raised elevations
Glands of Von ebner
22
Q
Fungiform papillae
A
Tiny red raised spots
Sense of taste
23
Q
Filiform papillae
A
No tastebuds- tactile sensation
24
Q
Foliate papillae
A
side of tongue
Where oral cancer begins
25
Lingual tonsils
Located at base of tongue behind circumvallete papillae
26
Purpose of lymphoid tissue in lingual tonsils
Provides defence mechanism for infection
27
3 glands
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
28
Parotid gland associated duct
Stensons duct
29
T/F parotid gland is the largest gland but only accounts for 25% of salivary volume
True
30
Submandibular gland accounts for what % of salivary volume
60-65%
31
Sublingual duct accounts for what % of salivary volume
10%
32
Clinical crown describes
The part of the crown visible above the gingiva
33
Anatomical crown
Portion of crown that is covered by enamel
34
4 tooth tissues
Pulp
Cementum
Enamel
Dentin
35
Secondary dentin forms after
Eruption
36
Reparative dentin or tertiary dentin is laid down in response to
Trauma or caries
37
Cementum’s main function
Provide a medium for attachment of the tooth to the alveolar bone
38
2 types of cementum
Cellular
Acellular
39
Acellular cementum contains
Sharpeys fibers
40
Odontoblasts are
Dentin forming cells
41
Incisors are intended to
Cut
42
Canines are intended to
Hold and grasp
43
Premolars are intended to
Hold and grind
44
Molars are intended to
Grind/chew
45
Tooth grows and develops from growth centres called
Lobes
46
Tubercles are
Small elevations of enamel on crown
47
Developmental grooves are
Lines that form when lobes fuse together
48
Fossa is
Depression or conceits
49
Cingulum are
Lingual lobe of max anterior teeth
50
All cusps have how many ridges
4
51
Line angle
Junction of 2 surfaces
52
Point angle
Junction of 3 surfaces
53
Tooth germs/tooth buds
Soft tissue that develops into a tooth
54
When do tooth buds begin to grow within the alveolar process
6th week of fetal life
55
Crypts
Early tooth socket
56
What else is forming around the 6th week
Dental lamina
Dentin and enamel, followed by cementum
57
Before root completion what type of dentin is formed at an early stage
Primary dentin
58
When do primary teeth begin to calcify
4th or 5th month of fetal life
59
Each tooth begins to develop from how many growth centers
4 or more
60
Coalescence describes
Fusion of lobes
61
Mamelons
Incisal ridges of labial development lobes separated by developmental grooves
62
Anterior lobes
3 facial and 1 lingual
63
Maxillary premolars lobes
3 facial 1 lingual
64
Mandibular first premolar lobes
Same as maxillary 3 facial 1 lingual
Lingual cusp is smaller
65
Maxillary 1st molar lobes
4 lobes:
2buccal, 2lingual
66
Lobe of carabelli
On first maxillary molars
67
Eruption deciduous central incisors
6-8months
68
Eruption deciduous lateral incisors
10-16m
69
Eruption deciduous 1st molar
14-18 months
70
Eruption deciduous canines
17-23m
71
Eruption deciduous second molars
2 years
72
Eruption rules (3)
Mand precedes max
Both jaws erupt in pairs
Perm erupt first in girls (no difference in primary)
73
What does deciduous canine eruption bring with them
Canine eminence (supporting bone)
74
At what age do we except all deciduous teeth to have erupted
2.5 years
75
Medial drift (permanent)
Tendency of the permanent molars to have an eruptive force toward midline
76
Eruption permanent max centrals
7-8 years
77
Eruption permanent max laterals
8-9 years
78
Eruption permanent max canines
11-12
79
Eruption perm max and mand premolars
10-12
80
Eruption perm max 1st molars
6years
81
Eruption perm max 2nd molars
12-13
82
Eruption perm mand central
6-7
83
Eruption perm mand laterals
7-8
84
Eruption perm mand canine
9-10
85
Common exception to the rule of mandibular teeth preceding the maxillary is
Maxillary premolars (10-11) often preceded mandibular premolars (10-12)
86
Periodontium divided into 2 units
Gingival unit
Attachment unit
87
Gingival unit consists of
Free and attached gingiva
88
Attachment unit consists of
Cementum
PDL
Alveolar bone
89
Contact areas describes
Medial and distal touching of adjacent teeth
90
Contact point refers to
Occlusal cusp of 1 tooth touches occlusal portion of another tooth in opposing arch
91
Proximal contact areas are where on the tooth
Widest portion and greatest curvature
92
Interproximal spaces are normally filled with
Interdental papilla
93
Cervical embassure (void) is characterized by
Gingival recession
(Papilla and bone no longer fill entire Interproximal space)
94
Crest of curvature
Widest bulkiest part of the crown
95
Crest of curvature is the same as
Height of contour
96
Facial and lingual contours are correct then
Proper food deflection
Tissue stimulation
Sulculs/gingival protection
Tooth cleansing
97
Curvature of CEJ on proximal surfaces depends on
Height of contact areas
Diameter of crown labiolingually or buccolingually
98
Curvature of CEJ in anterior teeth is grater than
Posterior
99
Medial curvature of anterior teeth greater than distal curvature by
1mm
100
Why is CEj less curved in posterior teeth
Wider buccolingually, have more support and don’t need raised CEJ
101
Self cleansing qualities of teeth
Smoothness of enamel helps to maintain bacteria free
Shape of crown deflects food onto tissue at proper angle
102
Self cleansing qualities of canines
Piercing tool: forces food off cusp into cingulum and gingiva
103
Self cleansing qualities of premolars and molars
Deflect food onto occlusal surface for chewing and grinding
104
Self cleansing qualities of pits and fissures
Help dissipate/scatter extreme occlusal forces from chewing/grinding
SPILLWAYS
105
Diastema vs open contact
Large vs small space
106
Curvature and the periodontium: if deflection of food is at an extreme angle what can result due to what?
Recession can result due to lack of cleansing by friction
107
At 16 months primary molars erupt and establish
Vertical height of primary occlusion
Intercuspation of M-D and B-L relationship (this determines how upper and lower teeth occlude with lower teeth)
108
Buccal cusps of mandibular posterior teeth interlock between buccal and lingual cusps on maxillary teeth
Intercuspation
109
Primary dentition erupts in a more ___ position than permanent replacements
Upright
110
3 possible anterioposterior molar relationships in primary occlusion
Mesial step
Flush terminal plane
Distal step
111
Most common primary occlusion
Mesial step
112
Describe mesial step
2nd primary mandibular molar (distal surface) are situated more mesial than max molars
113
Describe distal step
2nd primary mand molars are situated more distal than max molars
114
Primate space
Largest spaces found mesial to max primary canine and distal to mand canines
115
Leeway space
Extra space deciduous canines and molars occupy to help save room for permanent successors
