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Ortho > ortho learn > Flashcards

ortho learn Flashcards

1
Q

IOTN grade 5 order and components

A

5i - impacted teeth (except 8s)
5h - extensive hypodontia (>1 in a quadrant)
5a - OJ >9mm
5m - reverse OJ >3.5mm, masticatory and speech difficulties
5p - defects CLP and other CF anomalies
5s - submerged deciduous teeth

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2
Q

IOTN grade 4 order

A 
4h
4a
4b
4m
4c
4l
4d
4e
4f
4t
4x
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3
Q

IOTN 3f

A

deep OB complete on gingival or palatal tissues, but no trauma

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4
Q

4a

A

OJ >6mm less than or equal to 9mm

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5
Q

4b

A

reverse OJ >3.5mm, no masticatory or speech difficulties

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6
Q

4m

A

reverse OJ >1mm <3.5mm, masticatory and speech difficulties

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7
Q

4c

A

A/P CBs with >2mm discrepancy between RCP and ICP

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8
Q

4l

A

posterior lingual CB with no fct occlusal contact in one or both buccal segments

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9
Q

4d

A

contact displacements >4mm

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10
Q

4e

A

extreme lateral or anterior open bites >4mm

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11
Q

4f

A

increased and complete OB with gingival or palatal trauma

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12
Q

pt selection for growth mod for increased OJ

A 
growing pt
pt concerns
pt motivation
dental health risk
large dentoalveolar contribution to aetiology
absence of significant crowding
increased OB
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13
Q

how does position in the arch affect crowding?

A

the further back in the arch the more marked the effect on crowding

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14
Q

anterior CB problems

A

toothwear
gingival recession
displacement on closure

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15
Q

diastema aetiology

A 
developmental
generalised spacing
hypodontia (absent 2s)
midline supernumerary
proclination of U incisors
low frenal attachment
pathology
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16
Q

aetiology of impacted FPMs

A

eruption angle
ectopic cyst
morphology of E crown
small maxilla

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17
Q

consequences of impacted FPMs

A

pulpitis of E

premature exfoliation of E

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18
Q

UE U1 if pt <9yrs

A

likely to have open apex and still potential for spontaneous eruption (80% will erupt spontaneously)

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19
Q

class 2 div 2

A

L incisor occludes posterior to the cingulum plateau of the U incisor
U incisors retroclined
OJ reduced but can also be increased

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20
Q

hypodontia presentation

A

delayed/asymmetric eruption
retained/infra-occluded primary teeth
absent primary tooth
tooth form

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21
Q

in-out control

A

relative bucco-lingual position of teeth

determined by depth of bracket base

22
Q

tip

A

MD angle of tooth - angle tooth makes to horizontal along line of arch
- all teeth tip mesially
angle of horizontal slot

23
Q

round AW uses

A

tipping and vertical tooth movements

24
Q

torque

A

BL angle (inclination) of tooth
determined by angle between bracket base and slot
only if rectangular wire - engages wall of slot

25
Q

CLP dental issues

A 
missing teeth
impacted teeth
crowding
growth (class 3)
caries
26
Q

buccally placed canines exposing

A

apically repositioned flap to preserve attached mucosa

27
Q

CLP pt journey

A 
lip closure 3m
palate closure 6-12m
alv bone graft 8-10yrs
definitive ortho 12-15yrs
surgery 18-20yrs
28
Q

tack/spot welding

A

base metal melted

29
Q

soldering

A

only filler metal melted

flux powder

30
Q

class 2 div 1

A

L incisor edges lie posterior to cingulum plateau of U incisors
increased OJ
U central incisors proclined or av inclination

31
Q

tipping force

A

35-60g

32
Q

bodily movement force

A

150-200g

33
Q

intrusion force

A

10-20g

34
Q

extrusion force

A

35-60g

35
Q

rotation force

A

35-60g

36
Q

torque force

A

50-100g

37
Q

18-8 SS

A 
72% Fe
18% Cr
8% Ni
1.7% Ti
0.3% C
38
Q

tooth eruption

A 
pre-eruptive tooth movement
intra-osseous eruption
mucosal penetration
pre-occlusal eruption
post-occlusal eruption
39
Q

theories for ortho tooth movement

A

differential pressure theory
piezoelectric pressure theory
mechanochemical pressure theory

40
Q

piezoelectric pressure theory

A

piezoelectric currents generated when crystalline structures such as bone are deformed
compression side more +, tension side more -
OB and OC get preferentially recruited to certain sides

41
Q

differential pressure theory

A

force =
tension areas - deposition
compression areas - resorption

42
Q

light forces

A 
hyperaemia within PDL
OB and OC appear
resorption of LD from pressure side
apposition of osteoid on tension side
remodelling of socket "frontal resorption"
PD fibres reorganised
gingival fibres appear not to become reorganised but remain distorted
slow tooth movement
43
Q

EC bone formation

A

hyaline cartilage precursor
centres of ossification
base of skull

44
Q

how do maxilla and mandible develop?

A

IM but are preceded by a cartilaginous facial skeleton
meckel’s cartilage precedes mandible
nasal capsule primary skeleton of upper face

45
Q

why do you get more space if you ext L4s?

A

less mesial drift

46
Q

mechanochemical pressure theory

A

mechanical stress
release of neuropeptides from nerve endings
stimulate FBs, endothelial cells and alv bone
FBs also comm with OBs and OCs
alv bone and PDL remodelling = tooth movement

47
Q

mod force

A

occlusion of PDL vessels on pressure side
hyperaemia of PDL vessels on tension side
cell-free areas on pressure side (hylinisation)
- no cells, not dead but nothing going on so can’t resorb
period of stasis
increased endosteal vascularity
“undermining resorption”
increased OC activity - get OC coming in and nibble from below
sudden movement of tooth CLUNK
- tooth may become slightly loose
healing of PDL - reorganisation and remodelling

48
Q

excessive force

A 
necrosis
undermining resorption
resorption of root surfaces
pain
permanent change
49
Q

where does post-natal growth occur?

A

sutures
synchondroses
surface deposition

50
Q

risks of ortho tx

A 
decalcification
root resorption
relapse
ST trauma
recession/hyperplasia
loss of perio support
headgear injuries
E fracture and toothwear
loss of vitality
allergy
poor/failed tx
51
Q

adult differences ortho to children

A 
lack of growth
PDD - ongoing or prev
missing/heavily Rx teeth
physiological factors
adult motivation
52
Q

MOCDO

A 
Missing teeth
OJs
CBs
Displacement of CPs
OBs

Ortho (22 decks)

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