Orthopedics

Question 1

Normal oddities in peadiatric anatomy

Answer 1

Bow legs
knock knee
flat feet

Question 2

what should you be concerned with crawling

Answer 2

When legs are moving differently. one can only rotating, hips may need adjusting.
Look when kids look like they want to walk but cant

Question 3

what are gait affecting issues

Answer 3

Toe walk: see if can heel toe walk to rule out cerebral palsy

Question 4

Anatomic kid problems

Answer 4

Club foot.
scoliosis
Congenital hip dislocation.

Question 5

club foot treatment diagnosis

Answer 5

t weeks of birth

treatment: stretch, casts, brace, surgery

Question 6

Scoliosis treatment

Answer 6

Abnormal lateral curverature of the spine: 10% have them.

monitor to ensure isn’t progression

Question 7

congenital hip dislocation

Answer 7

Hip click chest on infant well child visit

ortalani maneuver

Question 8

what is the Ortalani maneuver

Answer 8

Always do them one at a time!!!
flex thigh onto abdomen to right angle,
fully abduct to the side
should feel a cluck if is dislocated

Question 9

what is the most common cause of limb pain in children

Answer 9

Trauma:

Question 10

Causes of limb pain in trauma

Answer 10

• trauma
• growing pains
• infection
• arthritis
• JRA
• lyme disease
• other

Question 11

ssx of growing pains

Answer 11

worse at night: halmark
bilateral
intermittent pain not signs of inflammation
Idiopathic

Question 12

ssx of possible osteolyelitis

Answer 12

sudden-onset unilateral bone pain with fever
Fever
point tenderness, swelling
heat at site of infection

Question 13

what should be done for hyperextensible extreamities

Answer 13

avoid activities that want you to be flexible.

ie gym

Question 14

location of growing pain:

Answer 14

shins, feet, ankles, wrist theighs.

Question 15

treatment

Answer 15

arnica or trammel gel near the bed.
Arnica homeopathic
Cal mag supplement at night

Question 16

most common osteomyelitis

Answer 16

staph and strep most common cause

femur and tibia

Question 17

septic arthritis ssx

Answer 17

ONE JOINT: looks slick
inflammation of infected joint, 
mostly male, 
2-6 
fever, warm and swollen

Question 18

JRA

Answer 18

MULTIPLE JOINTS: not as sick
one joint for minimum of 6 weeks
refer to rheumatologist

Question 19

Lyme disease

Answer 19

Hx of rash and tick bite

Question 20

osteochrondroses

Answer 20

Localized pain and tenderness
Osgood schlatter: apophysis of tibial tubercle
leg calve parthese: fadehemoral

Question 21

Tumors

Answer 21

bone pain

unremitting worse at night

Question 22

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Answer 22

painful limp loss of mobility

Question 23

chondromalacia patellae.

Answer 23

localized knee pain with crepitis

softening of underside of patella

Question 24

limp c

auses

Answer 24

Check from feet to lower back and look for trauma
trauma
inflammation
inflection
for fun

Question 25

Nursemaids's elbow/dislocated of radial head

Answer 25

- small children - longitudinal pull while elbow is pronated - kid wont use arm Can move shoulder, will hit you if they stabalize at elbow, hold wrist and supinate then and up palm of hand on shoulter

Question 26

shoulder dislocation

Answer 26

teens/ athletes | Refer

Question 27

PE for trauma

Answer 27

ROM, can they sleep X ray refer ER if cant bear weight, abnormal ROM, can't sleep, or visable bone deformity or severe swelling in 30 min

Question 28

trama treatment if not fracture

Answer 28

arnica RICE analgesics excuse from PE