Orthotic Design, Composition, Materials Flashcards
Durometer
Measure of hardness, smaller the number the softer the material
Open Cell
Pores that are connected to each other, interconnected network that is relatively soft
Will fill with whatever it is surrounded by
Closed Cell
Does not have interconnected pores.
Higher compressive strength due to structure
Higher dimensional stability & low moisture absorption.
Aliplast
- Closed cell polyethylene foam
- 23 durometer
- Thermoformable & generally white (cushioning and lining of orthotics)
Laminates
Material glued and laminated together
Bilaminate
2 open/closed foams glued together.
Used for cushioning, covering and diabetic top covers
Trilaminate
3 open/closed foams glued together.
Used for cushioning, covering and diabetic top covers
Impression Foam
Closed-cell, low density foam
Used for foot capture impressions
Carboplast
Composite shell material, carbon & glass fibers in a unique polypropylene matrix
Primarily used for foot orthotic shells.
Cushion Cork
Cork/rubber composition, stiff, not generally thermoformable
Used for filler material for heel lifts.
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)
Can be open/closed cell, wide range of durometers, thickness, colors
Used for top/bottom covers, cushioning, accommodations, wedges, fillers, liners, shell material for soft orthotics
Leather
Durable/flexible
straps, shells, covers
Neolon
Closed cell neoprene w/ fabric cover
used in soft knee/back/elbow orthoses and top covers
Nickelplast
closed cell polyethylene foam
doesn’t bottom out
48 durometer
thermoformable
used in liners and accommodations
P-Cell
closed cell EVA foam
20-25 durometer
Used in cushions / covering
Plastazote
Lightweight, closed cell, cross linked polyethylene foam in med, firm and rigid densities
Used in cushioning & foam collar shells
Cloud
Thin EVA, open cell, 30 durometer
Polypropylene
Thermoplastic polymer, softens when heated, hardens when cooled into new shape.
Used in shells/stiff structural needs
Copolymer
Mainly polypropylene with small amount of ethylene fiving it the ability to resist fatigue when flexing under load.
Used in LE orthoses
Carbon Composites
High tensile strength, light weight, not head adjustable.
Used in energy storing AFOs & foot orthoses.
Poron
Medical grade urethane that is not thermoformable
15 durometer
Used in padding
Felt
Made from wool - organic compound
Used as cushion
Hook/Loop
Velcro - used for closures
Nylon
High tensile strength
Webbed straps to secure closures
