Osteoarthritis Flashcards Preview

Exam Questions COPY > Osteoarthritis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Osteoarthritis Deck (11)
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1
Q

OA effects men or women more

A

Women, 3:1

2
Q

Age of onset of OA

A

> 50yrs

3
Q

Signs and symptoms of OA in localised disease

A

Usually hip or knee

  • Pain on movement + crepitus
  • Worse at end if the day
  • Background pain at rest
  • Joint gelling (stiffness after ~30min rest)
  • Joint instability
4
Q

Signs and symptoms of OA in generalised disease

A
  • Heberden’s nodes
  • Bouchard’s nodes
  • Joint tenderness
  • Reduced ROM
  • Mild synovitis
5
Q

Who is more likely to get Heberden’s nodes

A

Post menopausal women

6
Q

Describe Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes

A
  • Heberden’s = DIP

- Bouchard’s = PIP

7
Q

Investigations for OA

A
  • X-rays

- CRP may be slightly raised

8
Q

What is seen on an X-ray of OA (L.O.S.S.)

A
  • Loss of joint space
  • Osteophytes
  • Subarticular sclerosis
  • Subchondral cysts
9
Q

Lifestyle changes to RX OA

A
  • Weight loss (if over-weight)

- Exercise to improve local muscle strength + aerobic fitness (irrespective of age, severity, comorbidity)

10
Q

Pharmacological Rx of OA

A
  • Paracetamol + topical NSAIDs (initially)
  • Codeine + oral NSAIDs (if previous therapy ineffective)
  • IA steroid injection, temporarily relive symptoms
11
Q

Non-pharmacological Rx of OA

A
  • PT/OT
  • Heat/cold packs on site of pain
  • TENS
  • Joint replacements (gold standard for severe OA)