Osteoarthritis Flashcards
1
Q
What is OA often described as?
A
wear and tear in the joints
2
Q
what types of joints does OA effect?
A
synovial
3
Q
risk factors
A
obesity age occupation trauma female FH
4
Q
pathophysiology
A
imbalance between cartilage being worn down and chondrocytes repairing it leading to structural issues
5
Q
x-ray changes (LOSS)
A
loss of joint space
oseophytes
subchondral cysts
subarticular sclerosis
6
Q
presentation
A
joint pain and stiffness
worse with activity
reduced function
7
Q
commonly affected joints
A
hips knees sacro-iliac joints DIPs MCP joint wrist cervical spine
8
Q
signs in the hands
A
haberdens nodes bouchards nodes squaring at base of thumb at carpo-metacarpal joint weak grip reduced ROM
9
Q
heberdens nodes
A
DIPJ
10
Q
bouchards nodes
A
PIPJ
11
Q
carpo-metacarpal joint type
A
synovial saddle
12
Q
diagnosis - NICE
A
over 45 with activity related pain and no morning stiffness or stiffness lasting less than 30mins
13
Q
list all the management options
A
patient education - weight loss, physio, OT, orthotics paracetamol and NSAIDs topical capsaicin PPI with NSAIDs codeine/morphine intra-articular steroid injections joint replacement
14
Q
initial management (especially if hands or knees)
A
paracetamol +/- topical NSAIDs
