Osteoporosis

Question 1

How is Osteoporosis Characterized?

Answer 1

Decreased bone mass and structural deterioration of bone

Question 2

What is the recommended screening for Osteoporosis?

Answer 2

DEXA all women >65

Question 3

What is the most accurate test for Osteoporosis?

Answer 3

DEXA

Question 4

What T-Score defines Osteopenia?

Answer 4

1-2.5 Standard deviations below the normal

Question 5

What T-Score defines Osteoporosis?

Answer 5

> 2.5 standard deviations below normal

Question 6

What is the best initial treatment for osteoporosis?

Answer 6

Vitamin D and Calcium

Question 7

What Drugs can be used in osteoporosis?

Answer 7

Bisphosphonates
Denosumab
Romosozumab
Estrogen replacement
Teriparatide
Abaloparatide
Calcitonin

Question 8

What are common Bisphosphonate drugs?

Answer 8

Alendronate
Risedronate
Ibandronate

Question 9

What adverse effects are associated with Bisphosphonates?

Answer 9

Osteonecrosis of the jaw
Esophagitis (Pill esophagitis)
Cannot use in renal failure
need a break after 5 years

Question 10

What is the mechanism of Denosumab?

Answer 10

RANK-L Inhibitor: can be used in renal failure

Question 11

How is Denosumab used in Osteoporosis?

Answer 11

1st line with Bisphosphonates

Question 12

What is the mechanism of Romosozumab?

Answer 12

Inhibits Sclerosin: to inhibit Osteoclasts and stimulate osteoblasts

Question 13

What is a substitute for estrogen?

Answer 13

Raloxifene: also decreased risk of breast cancer and lowers LDL

Question 14

What is the mechanism of Teriparatide and Abaloparatide?

Answer 14

PTH analogues that stimulate new bone matrix formation