Otology Flashcards
(26 cards)
List some useful tests used in otology.
Rinne’s
Weber’s
Whispered voice
What do the possible results of an tympanogram mean?
Standard parabola - Normal middle ear pressure and compliance
Line starts above zero and curves down - Low middle ear compliance
Low curve - Low middle ear pressure
What foreign body would warrant urgent removal if lodged in the ear?
Button battery
Would organic or inorganic material need more urgent removal if lodged in the ear?
Organic
What is the management of auricular haematoma? (leads to scarring and cauliflower ear)
Incision and drainage
Pressure dressing
Antibiotics
What is Otitis Externa?
Inflammation of the external auditory meatus
What is the treatment of OE?
Topcial antibiotic/steroid ear drops
Oral antibiotics reserved for severe cases
What is Malignant OE?
Osteomyelitis of temporal bone
Granulations in external auditory meatus
What is the treatment for Malignant OE?
Antibiotics
What is OM with effusion?
Sterile fluid in middle ear
Eustacian tube blocked
What are some effects of OM with effusion?
Hearing loss
Speech delay
What is the management of OM with effusion?
Observed for 3 months
Otovent (try inflate small balloon with nose to force air up)
Grommet
How does acute supprative OM present?
Pus in middle ear
Otalgia
What is the management of acute supprative OM?
Observe for a few days as it is often self-limiting
If it is persistent then antibiotics, probably amoxicillin
What is tympanosclerosis?
Calcification of tympanic membrane
Usually asymptomatic
Usually no management
How does chronic supprative OM present?
Perforated tympanic membrane
Cholesteatoma
What are some effects of a perforated tympanic membrane?
Hearing loss
Recurrent infection
What are some effects of a cholesteatoma?
Eustacian tube dysfunction
Persistent offensive otorrhea
What is the function of the eustacian tube?
Equalises pressure in the middle ear
Drain the middle ear
List some causes of sensorineural hearing loss.
Presbyacusis Head injury Viral infection Noise exposure Ototoxic medication (gentamycin) Acoustic neuroma
What is presbycusis?
Gradual loss of hearing as an individual grows older
What is an acoustic neuroma?
Benign tumour which grows on vestibular and cochlear nerves, putting pressure on them and possibly leading to hearing loss and imbalance
What is tinnitus?
Any abnormal sound in the ear
How do we treat tinnitus?
Try and identify an underlying cause and treat that
