Flashcards in Ovary Deck (83)
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1
Measure of cystic follicle
<2cm
2
Measure of follicular cyst
>2cm
3
Primary ovarian type %s
Surface- epithelial 90%
Germ cell 3-5%
Sex cord-stromal 2-3%
4
Surface epithelial ovary paths
Serous
Mucinous
Endometroid
Brenner
5
Germ cell ovary paths
Teratoma
Dysgerminome
Endodermal sinus (yold sac)
6
Stromal cell ovary path
Granulosa-Theca
Fibroma
Sertoli-Leydig
7
Ovary mets
Stomach
Colon
Endometrium
Breast
8
Cause of chocolate cysts
Endomertriosis
Repeated cyclical hemorrhage- chocolate color
9
What are chocolate cysts associated with
Infertility
10
Chocolate cysts induce
Fibrosis, adhesions, pain
Extends pelvic ligaments
11
Epidemiology of polycystic ovarian dz- Stein leventhal syndrome
Young women, post menarche, persistent anovulation
12
Signs/sx of PCOD
oligomenorrhea
Secondary amenorrhea
Hirsutism
Obesity (40%)
Infertility
13
Levels of androgen/LH/FSH in PCOD
INC androgen, LH
DEC FSH
14
Etiology of PCOD
Insulin resistance
Disregulation of enzymes involved in androgen biosynthesis, poorly regulated
15
PCOD pathogenesis
Excess androgens secreted
Androgens convert to estrogen by adipose tissue
Excess estrogen inhibits release of FSH by pituitary and stimulates release of GnRH by hypothalamus
GnRH releases LH
LH:FSH ratio greater than 3
Excess LH stimulates theca in ovary to produce excess androgens
16
PCOD excess estrogen causes
endometrial hyperplasia
Stimulates adipose cells in the body
17
PCOD excess androgens causes
Hirsutism, virilization
Androgens process through adipose and liver cause excess estrogen
18
Gross PCOD
Large capsuled multiple unruptured follicles as cysts lined by granulosa cells, Giving the pearls on a string look
19
How to Dx PCOD
Hormonal assay
Transvaginal ultrasound
20
Tx PCOD
Hormonal- break up cycle via clomiphene
In early years- wedge resection of ovary
Sx txs Hirsuitism: spirinolactone
DM (metformin) Obesity (wt loss)
21
Investigations in ovarian tumors
Large mass:
CA125 (not diagnostic)
ultrasound
CT scan
Estimation of hormones
FNAC
Biopsy
22
What is the most common fatal gynecological malignancy
Ovarian cancer
23
What reduces the risk of ovarian cancer
Pregnancy and OC
24
Epi of benign ovarian tumors
80% benign (20-45 yrs)
25
Age of malignant ovarian tumors
40 -65 yrs
26
Malignant ovarian tumors spread to
Peritoneum- ascites
LN- iliac, paraaortic
Blood- lungs, liver, git
27
Serous epithelial tumors epithelial differentiation
Fallopian tubes, columnar w. cillia
28
Mucinous epithelial tumors epithelial differentiation
Endocervix, tall mucin secreting cells
29
Endometroid epithelial tumors epithelial differentiation
Nonciliated columnar cell
30
