p1. energy

Question 1

what is a system

Answer 1

an object or a group of objects

Question 2

energy store and transfer of an object being projected upwards

Answer 2

stored as kinetic energy
slowly transferred from kinetic to gravitational potential store
as it slows down and climbs higher

Question 3

energy store and transfer of a moving object hitting an obstacle

Answer 3

stored as kinetic energy
once hitting an obstacle,energy can be transferred into many different types of energy
eg. surroundings - thermal energy and sound waves

Question 4

energy transfer of an object accelerated by a constant force

Answer 4

chemical,thermal or electrical energy to start acceleration
converted into kinetic energy

Question 5

energy store and transfer of a vehicle slowing down

Answer 5

stored as kinetic energy from car
transferred to thermal energy of the brakes

Question 6

energy transfer of bringing water to a boil in an electric kettle

Answer 6

electrical energy to thermal energy

Question 7

4 types of energy transfers

Answer 7

mechanical working – force applied to move an object through a distance.

electrical working – charge flows (electricity)

heating – energy transferred between hotter and colder regions.

radiation – energy transferred as a wave, for example as light or sound.

Question 8

what is specific heat capacity of a substance

Answer 8

amount of energy required to raise temperature of one kilogram of the substance,by
one degree celsius

Question 9

RP : determine specific heat capacity of one or more materials

Answer 9

1. block of solid material with two holes at the top - heater and thermometer
2. wrap insulating layer to reduce energy transfer
   from block into surroundings and insert thermometer and heater
3. measure initial temperature of block and set potential difference of power supply to 10V.
   - turn on power supply and start stopwatch
4. as block heats up,take readings of temperature and current every minute for 10 minutes - current does not change
5. calculate power of heater and how much energy transferred to heater
   6.repeat with different materials and compare