P2 PATHOLOGY Flashcards
fracture repair
types of fractures
- traumatic
- pathological
- stress
mention at least 3 immediate complications of fractures
- nerve damage
- fat / BM embolism
- movement impairment
- soft tissue , muscle necrosis
- tendon & ligaments tears
- haemorrhage
- bone & cartilage necrosis
phases of repair of bone fractures
1- inflammatory phase
2- reparative phase
3- remodelling phase
mechanism of inflammatory phase
Proliferation of blood vessels and fibroblasts into fracture site
Specialized type of specific granulation tissue occurring in fracture repair and contain bone and cartilage
callus
callus is formed by
Proliferation of osteoprogenitor cells
callus types
- external / periosteal
- internal / endosteal
Gradual dissipation of Inflammatory cells Pluripotential stem cells continue to
differentiation into fibroblasts and osteoblasts is seen in which repairing phase
2nd / reparative phase
Reconstruction of bone to restore full mechanical strength.
Woven bone is resorbed and replaced by lamellar bone is seen in which repairing phase
3rd phase / remodelling
Example of stress fracture
5th metatarsal
bone products in healing of stress fractures
cutting cones / needles
mention at least 3 late complications of fracture repair
- delayed union
- non union
- malunion
- Pseudoarthrosis
- joint stiffness
- myositis ossificans
- growth distribances
Pluriponetntial cells become histologicaly indistinguishable from synovial cells and secrete synovial fluid
is termed as
Pseudoarthrosis
mention at least 3 Factors Affecting Cell Renewal
1- age of patient
2- infection
3- denervation
4- tissue vascularity
5- lymph drainage impairment
6- fixation of underlying tissue
7- presence of foreign body
8- early movement of affected part
9- constitutional factors : diabetes / anaemia
