Paeds

Question 1

What causes epiglottitis?

Answer 1

Haemophilus Influenza Type B

Question 2

What presents with:
Rapid onset
High temp
Stridor
Drooling 
Tripod position (easier to breathe when leaning forward)

Answer 2

Epiglottitis

Question 3

Management of epiglottitis?

Answer 3

Hospital
DO NOT examine throat
Oxygen
IV antibiotics

Question 4

What is the most common complication of roseola infantum?

Answer 4

Febrile Convulsions

Question 5

What causes roseola infantum?

Answer 5

Herpes Virus 6

Question 6

Who gets roseola infantum?

Answer 6

6 months - 2 years

Question 7

Features of roseola infantum?

Answer 7

High fever
Few days later ->
Maculopapular ras
Nagayama spots (papular enathem on uvula and soft palate)
Febrile convulsions 
Diarrhoea and cough

Question 8

Child <5 with asthma not controlled by SABA+ICS

Answer 8

Add leukotriene receptor

Question 9

> 5 asthma management?

Answer 9

1. SABA
2. SABA + ICS
3. SABA + ICS + Leukotriene
4. SABA + ICS + LABA
5. SABA + MART

Question 10

Kawasaki disease management?

Answer 10

High dose aspirin
IV IG
Echocardiogram to screen for coronary artery aneurysms

Question 11

What medication is given for scarlet fever?

Answer 11

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Question 12

What is an umbilical granuloma?

Answer 12

Overgrowth of tissue during healing of umbilicus after birth.

Question 13

What presents as a small red growth in centre of umbilicus, wet, leaks clear or yellow fluid

Answer 13

umbilical granuloma

Question 14

How do you treat an umbilical granuloma?

Answer 14

Salt to the wound

Can be cauterised with silver nitrate

Question 15

What is omphalitis?

Answer 15

Bacterial infection of the umbilical stump after a few days of birth

Question 16

How common are umbilical hernias?

Answer 16

1 in 5 newborns. Resolve in 2 years

Question 17

What is persistent urachus?

Answer 17

urinary discharge from the umbilicus due to persistent urachus which attaches to the bladder

Question 18

What is persistent vitello-intestinal duct?

Answer 18

Umbilical discharges bowel content. Imaged using contrast study.

Question 19

What is transient tachypnoea of the new born?

Answer 19

Delayed resorption of fluid in lungs.
More common after C sections.
Settles in 1-2 days.

Question 20

CXR of TTN?

Answer 20

Hyperinflation of lungs and fluid in horizontal fissure

Question 21

Management of TTN?

Answer 21

Observation and supportive care

Question 22

Features of foetal varicella syndrome?

Answer 22

Skin scarring
Eye defects (small eyes, cataracts, chorioretinitis)
Neuro defects (reduced IQ, abnormal sphincter function, microcephaly)

Question 23

What causes bronchiolitis?

Answer 23

Respiratory syncytial virus

Question 24

What age gets bronchiolitis?

Answer 24

<1, winter

Question 25

Features of bronchiolitis

Answer 25

``` Coryzal symptoms precede: Dry cough Increasing breathlessness Wheezing - fine inspiratory crackles Feeding difficulties due to increasing dyspnoea ```

Question 26

Bronchiolitis management?

Answer 26

Supportive

Question 27

Foetal alcohol syndrome features?

Answer 27

``` Microcephaly Short palpebral fissures Thin upper lip Absent philtrum Reduced IQ Cardiac abnormalities ```

Question 28

Risks of cigarette smoking in pregnancy

Answer 28

Miscarriage Stillbirth Pre-term labour IUGR

Question 29

Features of rubella in pregnancy?

Answer 29

Cataract Deafness Cardiac abnormalities

Question 30

Features of maternal syphilis infection?

Answer 30

Rhinitis, saddle shaped nose, deafness, Hutchinson's incisors Hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, anaemia, jaundice

Question 31

Epstein's anomaly?

Answer 31

Congenital condition. Due to lithium in utero. Cyanosis, prominent a wave in JVP, hepatomegaly, tricuspid regurgitation, RBBB

Question 32

What is the commonest croup cause?

Answer 32

Parainfluenza virus

Question 33

What age group gets croup?

Answer 33

6 months - 3 years | Autumn

Question 34

Features of croup?

Answer 34

Stridor Barking cough worse at night Fever Coryzal symptoms

Question 35

Croup management?

Answer 35

Single dose oral dexamethasone

Question 36

Emergency croup treatment?

Answer 36

High flow oxygen and nebulised adrenaline

Question 37

Commonest cause of ambiguous genitalia in newborns?

Answer 37

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 38

Loud single S2 | Prominent right ventricular impulse

Answer 38

Transposition of the great arteries

Question 39

Pulses felt in paediatric BLS

Answer 39

Brachial and femoral

Question 40

Commonest cause of painless massive GI bleeding requiring transfusion in children between 1 and 2?

Answer 40

Meckel's diverticulum

Question 41

When do you get the MenB vaccine?

Answer 41

2,4 and 12-13 months

Question 42

Treatment for whooping cough?

Answer 42

Azithromycin or clarithromycin | AKA a macrolide

Question 43

At what age us the MMR given?

Answer 43

12-13 months