PAES 417:2002 Flashcards
(26 cards)
PAES 417:2002
Agricultural Structures – Fruit and Vegetable Storage
storage in an artificial atmosphere in which the proportion of carbon dioxide and/or oxygen is
precisely controlled
controlled atmosphere storage
produce is piled in room-sized bins, which exerts forces that must be resisted by the building
walls
bulk storage
produce is placed in boxes or pallet bins which in turn are stacked in storage room
pallet bin storage
low portable platform made of wood or metal or plastic or in combination to facilitate
handling, storage, or transport of materials as a unit load using a forklif
pallet
storage structure with continuously wetted walls
drip cooler
coarse cloth made of jute, flax or hemp
burlap
storage provided with good ventilation
air cooled
materials used to prevent migration of moisture into a storage area
vapor barrier
individual divisions in a carton formed by fiberboard dividers, each cell to contain one fruit
cell pack
cartons in which the cover is separate and fits snugly over the bottom part
telescopic cartons
Classification
According to method of storage
- Bulk
- Palletized
According to environment control
- Drip cooling
- Air-cooled
- Natural convection
- Forced ventilation
- Refrigerated
- Controlled atmosphere
For palletized storage, floor area shall be determined by calculating volume of the boxes or pallet bins and dividing the volume by the maximum stacking height and adding
area for aisles, room for forklift maneuvering, and staging areas.
For bulk storage, floor area shall be determined by knowing the weight of the produce and by dividing by the bulk density and pile depth.
Space requirement
Bulk density and pile depth for bulk storage of some vegetables
Produce - Average bulk density
kg/m3
- Maximum pile depth m
Potatoes / 670 / 4.2 - 6
Pumpkins and squash / 600 / 0.6 - 1
Onions / 650 / 3 - 3.6
Door shall be fitted with screens, air flaps or provided with air curtain. The width shall be at
least ???.
2.5 m
Access door shall be provided for checking the commodity without opening the main door. It
shall be constructed with a ??? (reinforced) panel at eye level. The width shall be ???
glass
600 mm- 750 mm
Intersection with the wall shall be coved with ???
50 mm - 60 mm radius.
The floor slope should be ??? towards the drain.
2% - 4%
Floor height should be leveled with the ??? being used in
transporting the commodity.
height of the vehicle
Storage area
Drip cooling
The wall for the drip cooling should be made of ??? and should be held in place by ???.
??? on the top of the wall or ??? shall be provided to trickle water down the walls.
Water collector made from ??? of gutter shall be provided.
If necessary, forced air circulation system to draw air from outside and ceiling exhaust fan to force air out should be provided.
burlap or porous materials
wire netting
Water pipe with nozzles
sprinkling hose
curve metal sheet
Storage area
Air-cooled
???
Air inlets shall be located near the floor level and outlets shall be near the roof.
???
There shall be provision for regulating inside temperature by a ventilation system. Entry of air should be mechanically controlled using fan and installing automatically regulated openings or dampers.
Natural convection
Forced ventilation
Recommended ventilation for selected vegetables
Produce / Ventilation (L/s)/ton
Cabbage 20-30
Carrots 20-30
Potatoes 6-10
Pumpkins and squash 15-20
Onions 10-12
Recommended insulation for refrigerated room
/ Minimum R-Value
Ceiling 5 (R-30)
Wall 3.5 (R-20)
Floor 1.76 (R- 10)
An ??? air plenum should be provided between the floor and stack.
Door should be ??? and should be made of ???.
80 mm
sliding type
heavy gauge metal
