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Flashcards in Pancreatic secretion Deck (37)
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1
Q

What substances do acini produce

A

Lipases, proteases and amylases

2
Q

What structure are prancreatic enzymes contained in

A

zymogen granules

3
Q

What are the centroacinar cells

A

the cells of the intercalated

ducts that extend partially into the lumen of pancreatic acini

4
Q

What is the name of the region where the main pancreatic enters the duodenum

A

ampulla of Vater

5
Q

Which portions of the pancreatic duct forms the main pancreatic duct

A

dorsal and ventral pancreatic ducts

6
Q

Where do the ventral and dorsal pancreatic ducts join to form the main pancreatic duct

A

The head of the pancreas

7
Q

Which nerves stimulate pancreatic secretion

A

Cholinergic nerves

8
Q

Food in the stomach stimulates stretch receptors which stimulates pancreatic secretion by which reflex

A

Vasovagal reflex

9
Q

Most of the pancreatic secretion is controlled by..

A

Secretin and CCK

10
Q

Function of trypsin inhibitors

A

Prevents activation of proteases in the pancreas

11
Q

What happens if trypsin is activated in the pancreatic cells

A

Pancreatitis

12
Q

Function of pancreatic amylase

A

Hydrolyze a-1,4-glucoside linkage of complex carbohydrates into maltose, maltotriose and alpha limit dextrin

13
Q

Which carbohydrate cannot be broken down by pancreatic amylase

A

B linkages of cellulose

14
Q

Another name for sterol lipase

A

Cholesterol esterase

15
Q

Products that pancreatic lipase produce

A

2 fatty acids and a monoglyeride

16
Q

What is necessary for pancreatic lipase to be effective

A

Colipase

17
Q

Function of colipase

A

Removes bile salts from micelles so pancreatic lipase can bind to them

18
Q

Function of cholesterol esterase

A

Break down cholesterol esters into cholesterol and fatty acids

19
Q

Inactive zymogens that pancreatic proteases are secreted as

A

Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase

20
Q

Active form of trypsinogen

A

Trypsin (endopeptidase)

21
Q

Active form of chymotrypsinogen

A

Chymotrypsin (endopeptidase)

22
Q

Procarboxypeptidase

A

Carboxypeptidase (exopeptidase)

23
Q

What activates trypsinogen

A

Enterokinase

24
Q

What activates chymotrypsinogen

A

Trypsin

25
Q

What activates procarboxypeptidase

A

Trypsin

26
Q

What organ secretes enterokinase

A

Lining of small intestine

27
Q

Reason for isotonic fluid in pancreas

A

High permeability of the duct to water

28
Q

Function of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFRT)

A

A chloride channel that allow Cl- to enter lumen and bring water with it

29
Q

What activates CFRT

A

cAMP

30
Q

What happens in Cystic Fibrosis

A

Mutation on chromosome 7 of the CFTR gene causing the Cl- to not go into the lumen and bring water, leading to very viscous mucus

31
Q

What is exchanged for Cl- when it enter the lumen

A

Bicarbonate ions

32
Q

How does secretin lead to secretion of bicarbonate

A

Secretn activates Gs—cAMP which activates CFTR leading to secretion of chloride then exchange with bicarbonate

33
Q

Secretin is released in response to

A

acid in the duodenum

34
Q

CCK is released in response to

A

Proteins and amino acids

35
Q

CCK results in release of

A

enzymes such as proteases, lipases and amylases

36
Q

Which neurotransmitter also causes release of secretin and CCK

A

Acetylcholine (from parasympathetics- vagus nerve)

37
Q

Which drug can inhibit acetylcholine release on acinus and duct cells

A

Atropine or parasympathetic inhibitors