Parasitology

Question 1

Toxocara canis is the most common _______________ in dogs and cats. It causes ______________ larva margins and is zoonotic.

Answer 1

roundworm (nematode)
ocular

Question 2

This parasite lives in the small intestine and can be transmitted through fecal-oral or transplacental route

Answer 2

Toxocara Canis

Question 3

The most common hookworm species are _____________ caninum and _____________ stenocephala

Answer 3

Ancyostoma caninum
Uncinaria stenocephala

Question 4

These parasites cause cutaneaous larval migrans They migrate to the lung where they are then swallowed and are passed into the small intestine causing hemorrhagic diarrhea and severe anemia.

Other trans routes: Fecal-oral, Transmammary, percutaneous infections.

Answer 4

Hook worms
(Ancyostoma caninum
Uncinaria stenocephala)

Question 5

These two drugs are used to treat Nematodes (Roundworms, Hookworms, Whipworms)

Answer 5

Pyrantel and Fendendazole

Question 6

This common whipworm lives in the Large Intestine, is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, and causes hyperkalemia & hyponatremia (psuedo-addisions)

Answer 6

Trichuris vulpis

Question 7

The eggs of this parasite have bi-polar plugs

Answer 7

Trichuris vulpis

Question 8

Most common tapeworm (cestodes) in dogs and cats.
Requires flea as the intermediate host.

Answer 8

Dipylidium caninum

Question 9

Tapeworms Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia spp. are transmitted through the ingestions of __________________

Answer 9

Infective Hydatid Cysts on prey (rabbits, rodents, birds)

Question 10

The treatment for tapeworms is

Answer 10

Praziquantel

(Drontal and Profender)

Question 11

The most well known fluke (trematode) is _________________.

It requires a snail as an intermediate host.

Answer 11

Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke)

Question 12

Treatment for liver fluke

Answer 12

albendazole

Question 13

Giardia is treated with

Answer 13

fnbendazole (Panacur) and metronidazole (flagyl)

Question 14

Most common coccidians in cats and dogs

Answer 14

Isospora

Question 15

Most common coccidian seen in poultry/birds, rabbits

Answer 15

Eimeria

Question 16

What drug treats Coccidia?

Answer 16

Sulfasdimethoxine (Albon)

Question 17

Eimeria stiedai causes hepatic ________________ in rabbits

Answer 17

Coccidiosis

Question 18

What test is typically used to find coccidia?

Answer 18

Fecal Float (sometimes direct smear)

Question 19

Testing for giardia

Answer 19

Cyst may be seen fecal float, but ELISA is the most sensitive

Trophozoites may be seen on a direct smear

Question 20

Name for heartworm

Answer 20

Dirofilaria immitis

Question 21

Dirofilaria immits testing that is effective in dogs but not all cats

Answer 21

Antigen

Question 22

Treatment for Dirofilaria immitis in canines?

Medication used for Prevention?

Answer 22

Melarsomine (immiticide)

Ivermectin

Question 23

Adult Dirofilaria worms can be 15-30 cm long and can live 3-5 years. Where in the body do they reside?

Answer 23

Pulmonary Artery and Right Ventricle

(Causes Right Ventricular Hypertrophy)

Question 24

In what larval stage is Dirofilaria transmitted?

Answer 24

L3

Question 25

Wolbachia bacterium is treated with Doxycyline and is found in

Answer 25

Heartworms, Dirofilaria

Question 26

Exercise intolerance, cough, dyspnea, and Ascites are signs of _________ in dogs

Answer 26

Dirofilaria

Question 27

Salivation, tachycardia, shock, neurologic symptoms, and sudden death is seen in cats with _________

Answer 27

Heartworm Other signs: Asthma, vomiting and diarrhea

Question 28

Heartworm antigen testing detects Ag from ________ __________ worms.

Answer 28

Adult female

Question 29

Microfilaria can be detected in a ____________ ____________ test.

Answer 29

Modified Knotts

Question 30

What side of the heart is enlarged when the patient has heartworm disease?

Answer 30

Right side/Enlarged pulmonary arteries

Question 31

Heart worm infection may cause ______________ or an increased ____________ count.

Answer 31

Proteinuria Eosinophil

Question 32

Large Strongyles are a family of intestinal parasites in horses that result in colic, diarrhea, and/or chronic weight loss. The members of this family are Strongylus v___________ Strongylus e____________ Strongylus e____________

Answer 32

Vulargis Edentatus equinus

Question 33

Anoplocephala perfoliata is the equine ____________ that inhabits the region of the ________ junction.

Answer 33

Tapeworm, ileocecal

Question 34

A significant disease in foals is the roundworm or ascarids _______________ _____________.

Answer 34

Parascaris equorum

Question 35

Cyathostomes are _______________ and can cause severe diarrhea in adult horses. Occurs in late winter or spring with a large number of 4th stage larvae from the intestinal mucosa.

Answer 35

Small strongyles

Question 36

Dictyocaulus arnfieldi is also known as the Equine __________ ___________. It is usually observed in Donkeys

Answer 36

Lung worm

Question 37

Macrocyclic Lactones are effective against Lg. Strongyles, Cyathostomes, Ascarids, and bots. Which two drugs fall into this class?

Answer 37

Ivermectin Moxidectin

Question 38

Benzimidazoles are effective against Lg. Strongyles, Cyathostomes, Ascarids, and bots. Which three drugs fall into this class?

Answer 38

Fenbendazole Ofendazole Mebendazole

Question 39

Praziquantel kills _____________ by increasing calcium permeability.

Answer 39

Tapeworms

Question 40

(Equine) Piperazine, Pyrantel pamoate and Pyrantel tartrate are effective against ____________ , ___________, and ____________.

Answer 40

Large Strongyles Cyathostomes Ascarids

Question 41

The superficial mite Cheyletiella is known as

Answer 41

Walking Dandruff

Question 42

Scabies is treated with selamectin, milbemycin, and ivermectin. Are the names of the scabies for dogs? and for cats?

Answer 42

Sarcoptes scabiei Notoedres cati

Question 43

Gasterophilus intestinalis are _____ _____ in cattle known as the ______ _______.

Answer 43

Bot Fly Stomach Bot

Question 44

Dermatophytes are a fungi known as

Answer 44

Ring worm Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Question 45

What stage of heartworm life cycle is most susceptible to routine preventatives?

Answer 45

L3

Question 46

Most common GI parasite in kittens? Causes diarrhea and vomitting. Can be transmitted by the transmamary route or by eating rodents.

Answer 46

Toxocara cati (roundworm)

Question 47

A cattle warble or __________ _________ emerge in the spring. Treated with ___________ (ivermectin, doramectin, eprinomectin or moxidectin)

Answer 47

Hypoderma Bovis (or Hypoderma lineatum) Organophosphates (give in the the fall)

Question 48

How long can can whole blood units be stored in the refrigerator if properly collected?

Answer 48

35 days

Question 49

Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick) are known for transmitting ___________ __________ which causes ________________________ fever.

Answer 49

Rickettsia rickettsii Rocky Mountain Spotted fever DV + DA = RR

Question 50

The lone star tick __________ tramits Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Causes Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis.

Answer 50

Amblyomma A & E

Question 51

Which parasite has both a direct and indirect life cycle?

Answer 51

Toxocara canis / cati

Question 52

Tapeworm in cat, dog, rabbit, rodents. Has the mosquito as the intermediate host and an indirect life cycle

Answer 52

Taenia pisiformis

Question 53

Toxoplasma gondii has an ________ life cycle

Answer 53

indirect

Question 54

Trichuris Vulpis has a _________ life cycle

Answer 54

direct

Question 55

Albon is used to treat

Answer 55

Coccidia

Question 56

Fluconazole is used to treat

Answer 56

Yeast

Question 57

Praziquantel treats

Answer 57

Tapeworms

Question 58

Most common tape worm in cats

Answer 58

Taenia taeniarformis

Question 59

Most common tape worm in dogs

Answer 59

Diplidium caninum

Question 60

Pyrantel treats

Answer 60

roundworm and hookworm

Question 61

Fenbendazole is also called ___________ and treats which tapeworm? It also treats nematodes (hookworm, roundowrm, whipworm)

Answer 61

Panacur

Question 62

The most common centrifugation for fecal tests

Answer 62

Zinc Sulfate

Question 63

Test used for lungworm and nematodes

Answer 63

Baemann

Question 64

Direct smears can help detect ___________

Answer 64

Trophozoites

Question 65

The transport host of a parasite is called?

Answer 65

Paratenic

Question 66

A parasitic host that serves as a source of infection for humans or animals

Answer 66

Reservior

Question 67

A host for a parasite that harbors the laraval, asexual, or immature forms of a parasite?

Answer 67

intermediate

Question 68

A parasite host that harbors the adult, sexual stage of a parasite

Answer 68

definitive

Question 69

Hook worms like Ancylostoma and Uncinaraia live in the small intestine and ingest blood. The most significant risk to an animal with hookworms is ______________

Answer 69

Anemia

Question 70

Hematopinus is a

Answer 70

louse

Question 71

Treatment for Sarcoptes

Answer 71

Ivermectin

Question 72

Treatment for Tritrichomonas Foetus? (single cell organism)

Answer 72

Ronidazole (off label)

Question 73

Abnormal accumulation of _____, a type of lipid-rich lymph, in the spce surround the lung is?

Answer 73

Chyle Chylothorax

Question 74

Lymph node located in the hind limbs at the level of the stifle and back of the thigh?

Answer 74

Popiteal

Question 75

Hyperparathyroidism causes ________________

Answer 75

Hypocalcemia

Question 76

Normal amount of gastric reflux from a healthy forse through a nasogastric tube?

Answer 76

1-3 liters

Question 77

What stain is used to identify reticulocytes and Heinz bodies in RBCs?

Answer 77

New methylene blue