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First Aid: Microbiology > Parasitology > Flashcards

Parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

Protozoa - GI infections

A
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Cryptosporidium
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2
Q

Protozoa - CNS infections

A
  • Toxoplasma gondii
  • Naegleria fowleri
  • Trypanosoma brucei
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3
Q

Protozoa - Hematologic infections

A
  • Plasmodium
    • P. vivax/ovale
    • P. falciparum
    • P. malariae
  • Babesia
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4
Q

Protozoa - Visceral infections

A
  • Trypanosoma cruzi
  • Leishmania donovani
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5
Q

Protozoa - STDs

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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6
Q

Nematodes - intestinal

A
  • Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
  • Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm)
  • Strongyloides stercoralis
  • Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus (hookworms)
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7
Q

Nematodes - tissue

A
  • Onchocerca volvulus
  • Loa loa
  • Wuchereria bancrofti
  • Toxocara canis
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8
Q

Ingested nematodes

A

You’ll get sick if you EAT these!

  • Enterobius
  • Ascaris
  • Toxocara
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9
Q

Cutaneous nematodes

A

These get into your feet from the SANd

  • Strongyloides
  • Ancylostoma
  • Necator
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10
Q

Nematodes that bite

A

Lay LOW to avoid getting bitten

  • Loa loa
  • Onchocerca volvulus
  • Wuchereria bancrofti
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11
Q

Cestodes (tapeworms)

A
  • Taenia solium
  • Diphyllobothrium latum
  • Echinococcus granulosus
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12
Q

Trematodes (flukes)

A
  • Schistosoma
  • Clonorchis sinesis
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13
Q

biliary tract disease

cholangiocarcinoma

A

Clonorchis sinesis

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14
Q

brain cysts, seizures

A

Taenia solium (cysticercosis)

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15
Q

hematuria, bladder cancer

A

Schistosoma haematobium

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16
Q

liver (hydatid) cysts

A

Echinococcus granulosus

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17
Q

microcytic anemia

A

Ancylostoma, Necator

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18
Q

perianal pruritis

A

Enterobius

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19
Q

portal HTN

A

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma japonicum

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20
Q

vitamin B12 deficiency

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

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21
Q

Giardiasis

A

*Giardia lamblia *

  • bloating, flatulence, foul-smelling, fatty diarrhea
  • campers/hikers
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22
Q

Amebiasis

A

*Entamoeba histolytica *

  • bloody diarrhea (dysentery)
  • liver abscess (“anchovy paste” exudate)
  • RUQ pain (flank-shaped ulcer w/ colon rupture)
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23
Q

clinical disease of cryptosporidium

A

severe diarrhea in AIDS

mild disease (watery diarrhea) in immunocompetent

24
Q

classic triad of congenital toxoplasmosis

A
  • chorioretinitis
  • hydrocephalus
  • intracranial calcifications
25
Q

brain abscess in HIV

ring-enhancing brain lesions on CT/MRI

A

Toxoplasma gondii

26
Q

clinical disease of Naegleria fowleri

A

rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis

27
Q

African sleeping sickness

A

*Trypanosoma bruceii *

  • enlarged lymph nodes
  • recurring fever
  • somnolence
  • coma
28
Q

swimming in freshwater lakes

enters via cribriform plate

A

Naegleria fowleri

29
Q

clinical subtypes of Plasmodium

A
  • Malaria
  • P. vivax/ovale
  • P. falciparum
  • P. malariae
30
Q

malaria

A
  • fever
  • headache
  • anemia
  • splenomegaly
31
Q

P. falciparum

A
  • severe
  • irregular fever patterns
  • parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in brain (cerebral malaria), kidneys, lungs
32
Q

Plasmodium

  • 48 hr cycle
  • 72 hr cycle
A
  • 48 hr cycle = P. vivax/ovale
  • 72 hr cycle = P. malariae
33
Q

ring form, “Maltese cross”

A

Babesia

34
Q

Babesiosis

A
  • fever
  • hemolytic anemia
  • Northeastern US
  • increased risk: asplenia
35
Q

Chagas disease

A

*Trypanosoma cruzi *

  • dilated cardiomyopathy
  • megacolon
  • megaesophagus
36
Q

Reduviid bug (“kissing bug”) feces

deposited in painless bite

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

37
Q

Visceral Leishmaniasis

A

*Leishmania donovani *

  • spiking fevers
  • hepatosplenomegaly
  • pancytopenia
38
Q

MΦ containing amastigotes

A

Leishmania donovani

39
Q

Vaginitis

A

*Trichomonas vaginalis *

  • foul-smelling
  • greenish discharge
  • itching & burning
40
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis transmission? why?

A

sexual transmission

can’t form outside human b/c can’t form cysts

41
Q

“strawberry cervix”

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

42
Q

anal pruritis

Scotch Tape Test

A

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

43
Q

clinical disease of Strongyloides stercoralis

A
  • vomiting
  • diarrhea
  • epigastric pain
44
Q

anemia – suck blood from intestinal walls

A

Ancylostoma duodenale

Necator americanus

(hookworms)

45
Q

hyperpigmented skin

river blindness

A

Onchocerca volvulus

46
Q

swelling in skin

worm in conjunctiva

A

Loa loa

47
Q

blocks lymphatic vessels

elephantiasis

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

48
Q

visceral larva migrans

A

Toxocara canis

49
Q

cysticercosis, neurocysticercosis

A

Taenia solium

50
Q

vitamin B12 deficiency

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

tapeworm competes for B12 in intestine –> anemia

51
Q

hydatid cysts in liver

A

Echinococcus granulosus

52
Q

liver & spleen granulomas, fibrosis, inflammation

A

Schistosoma

53
Q

chronic Schistosoma infection

A

SCC of the bladder

painless hematuria

54
Q

clinical disease of Clonorchis sinensis

A

biliary tract inflammation –> pigmented gallstones

Cholangiocarcinoma

55
Q
  • painful bite
  • painless bite
A
  • Trypanosoma bruceii
  • Trypanosoma cruzi

First Aid: Microbiology (13 decks)

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