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Flashcards in Parasitology II Deck (16)
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1
Q

parasite in Giardiasis

A

Giardia Lamblia

2
Q

host and intermediate host of giardasis

A

host: beavers, dog, humans

intermediate host: none

3
Q

transmission of giardia

A

food borne or water borne transmission (environmental) –> transmitted in its cyst stage which is when it is infective

if diarrhea, it is commonly seen in its trophozoite stage which is not infective

4
Q

lifecycle of giardia

A

parasite is discontinuously released in feces (shed in showers)

5
Q

diagnosis of giardia

A
  • cyst in dry stool (hard to find due to discontinuous release)
  • trophozoite in watery stool
  • therapeutic trial: eat capsule filled with corn attached to a string and trophs attach to capsule if present
  • elisa antigen test
  • immunofluorescent test (high specificity and high sensitivity but expensive)
6
Q

symptoms of giardia

A
traveller's diarrhea
Pale loose stools (foul smelling; fatty) Frequency 3-8 X daily
Abdominal distension
Flatulence – offensive
Abdominal pain
Weight loss - anorexia
Sulphorous belching
7
Q

pathogenesis of giardia

A
severity dependent on:
􏰁Number of organisms
􏰁Virulence of strain (Dog - low path) 
􏰁Host immunity
􏰁Mucosal damage
􏰁Secondary bacterial colonization
8
Q

groups at high risk of protracted giardia

A

immunosuppressed (AIDS patient)
sewage workers
crowded institutions/day care/ city centers
travelers

9
Q

treatment of giardia

A

metronidazole (flagyl)

tinidazole (tinidamax)

10
Q

control of giardia

A

improve water tx plants against giardia

11
Q

parasite in amoebiasis

A

entamoeba histolytica

12
Q

two types of amoebiasis

A

-Intestinal amoebiasis –> may result in
Amoebic Dysentery

􏰁-Invasive amoebiasis –> usually results in Amoebic Liver Abscesses (ALA)

13
Q

morphology of entamoeba histolytica

A

cyst containing four nuclei

14
Q

transmission of amoebiasis

A

ingestion of cysts - fecal oral route

15
Q

clinical manifestation of intestinal amoebic dysentery

A

􏰁-95% asymptomatic
-􏰁Symptomatic individuals (5%): Diarrhea –
inconsistent with gradual onset, No fever. Flatulence, Abdominal pain
-􏰁Frequency

16
Q

clinical manifestation of invasive ALA (amoebic liver abscesses)

A
  • may form amoebic abscesses in: liver (majority), brain, skin, lungs, orbit, spleen and genitals
  • 􏰁Fever
  • 􏰁Tender Liver – Epigastric Pain 􏰁
  • Hepatomegaly