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Psych 2NF3 > Parietal Lobes > Flashcards

Parietal Lobes Flashcards

1
Q

Patient HP

A 
Trouble with:
Simple subtraction
Reaching Objects
Left vs RIght
Words appeared backwards or upside down
("Where" problem) Tumour in left parietal lobe
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2
Q

Parietal Cortex

A

Involved in where something is in the environment

Spatial awareness of actual or imaginary

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3
Q

Parietal Lobes

A

Main Functions:
Process and integrate somatosensory info
(Touch, pressure or temperature)

Process and integrate visual information

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4
Q

Somatosensory System

A

Receptors that collect info and process to produce experience of touch, temperature, proprioception (body position), an nociception (pain)

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5
Q

Anatomical Borders of Parietal Lobes

A

Anterior Border
Ventral Border
Dorsal Border
Posterior Border

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6
Q

Anterior Border

A

Front of the brain

Marked by Central Fissure

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7
Q

Ventral Border

A

Marked by the Lateral Fissure

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8
Q

Dorsal Border

A

Cingulate Gyrus(or cortex)
Involved in mindfulness
Contains Corpus Callosum which connects left and right hemispheres

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9
Q

Posterior Border

A

Marked by the Parieto-occipital Sulcus

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10
Q

Post Central Gyrus

A

Tissue of parietal lobe directly after the central fissure

Important for somatosensory processing

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11
Q

Inferior Parietal Lobe

A

Multimodal associative area that receieves auditory visual and somatosensory inputs
Basically everywhere else of the parietal lobe other than the postcentral gyrus
Connected to to parietal cortex, Temporal cortex and occipital cortex
Last area to mature and complex(explains why kids don’t read and write until later)

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12
Q

Angular Gyrus

A

In the inferior parietal lobe
More posterior
Understanding the meaning of written language more involved in visual processing
Shifting attention around with occipital lobe

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13
Q

Supramarginal gyrus

A

In the inferior parietal lobe
More frontal location
Important in language processing and perception and more involved in auditory processes

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14
Q

Superior Temporal Gyrus (Cortex)

A

Near the Superior Temporal Sulcus

Wernicke’s Area is located near here

Delivers information to the Supramarginal gyrus and Angular Gyrus in the inferior parietal lobe

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15
Q

Brodmann’s Cytoarchitectonic Regions

A

Brain Map organization based on how neurons look and labelled by numbers

Divided into Anterior Zone
(Postcentral Gyrus with areas 1,2,3 and 43 involved with somatosensory) and Posterior Zone (Everywhere else in Inferior Parietal Lobe) WHere/How Pathway

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16
Q

von Economo’s Cytoarchitectonic Regions

A

Brain Map Organization with post parietal areas:
PE, PF, PG
Done in Macaques and extrapolated to humans

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17
Q

Somatotopic Organization

A

Maps the rest of the body with the brain
Sensory Homunculus
Cortical Space area corresponding to body part determines somato-sensitivity

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18
Q

PE

A 
Connected to:
Somatosensory Cortex
Motor Cortex
PF
Function:
Somatosensory
Some role in Guiding movement via limb position
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19
Q

PF

A 
Connected to:
Somatosensory Cortex
Motor and PreMotor Cortex
PG
Function:
Mirror Neuron System
(Match and connect to other people actions and theory of mind)
20
Q

PG

A 
Connected to: (BASICALLY EVERYTHING)
Visual, Somesthetic, proprioceptive, auditory, vestibular, oculomotor, Cingulate Connection  
Plus more
Function:
Dorsal Stream
Parieto-temporo-occipital crossroad
21
Q

Other Parietal Lobe Connections and function

A

Close Relation between posterior parietal connections and prefrontal cortex
connections to the limbic system

Function in memory and spatial navigation and behaviour

22
Q

Parieto-Premotor Pathway

A

Where or How Pathway

23
Q

Parieto-Prefrontal Pathway

A

Working Memory

24
Q

Parieto-Medial Temporal

A

Spatial Navigation

25
Q

Parietal Lobe Function Theory

A

Anterior zones –> Somatic Sensations/Perception

Posterior zones –> integrate vision with multimodal info

25
Q

Spatial Visual Information Processing of Parietal Lobe

A

Viewer Centered Object identification

Parietal (Where) and Temporal (What) cortex work together to identify

26
Q

Object Recognition of Parietal Cortex

A

Determines Object Orientation and motion relative to viewer for the Temporal Cortex to visually process

Done in the Posterior parietal cortex

27
Q

Movement Guidance of Parietal Cortex

A

Sensitive to eye movements

Done in the Posterior Parietal cortex

28
Q

Other Aspects of Parietal Function

A

Reading: Movement of the eyes along a page, the words aren’t moving but you read across the page)
Language: Words have spatial organization (ie: tap vs pat, my son’s wife vs my wife’s son)
Movement Sequencing:
Individual movement like in writing

29
Q

Parietal Lobe Lesions

A

Damage in the postcentral Gyrus

30
Q

Afferent Paresis

A

Clumsy Finger movement due to lack of feedback about finger position

Deficit in stereognosis or tactile Perception

High sensory thresholds: can’t identify a feather touching them due to low pressure on area

31
Q

Somatic Perceptual Disorders

A

Astereognosis

Simultaneous Extinction

Asomatognosia

32
Q

Astereognosis

A

Inability to recognize an object by touch

Can’t identify different shapes with only tactile perception

33
Q

Simultaneous Extinction

A

Inability to perceive multiple stimuli of the same type simultaneously

ei 2 coins –> only sees one on right visual field
1 coin and one key –> sees both in both vision fields

34
Q

Asomatognosia

A

Loss of knowledge about one’s body or body condition

Several Varieties:
Anosognosia
Anosodiaphoria
Asymbolia for pain
Finger Agnosia
35
Q

Anonsognosia

A

Unawareness or denial of illness

36
Q

Anosodiaphoria

A

Indifference to illness

Aware but don’t care

37
Q

Asymbolia for pain

A

Absence of normal reaction to pain

38
Q

Finger Agnosia

A

Can’t point fingers or show them

Maybe be connected to spatial organization of parietal cortex

Maybe connected to Dyscalculia appear often

39
Q

Balint’s Syndrome

A

Bilateral parietal lesion

Can move eyes but cannot fixate
Simultagnosia
Optic Ataxia: Difficulty reaching under visual guidance

40
Q

Contralateral Neglect ( usually Right Parietal Lesion)

A

Neglect for visual, auditory and somesthetic stimulation on one side of the body, (usually opposite side)

Attentional Issue

During recovery:
Allesthesia –> Begin to respond to the neglected side
Simultaneous Extinction

41
Q

Object Recognition with Parietal Lobe Damage

A

Poor Recognition of same objects in unfamilliar views, ex: top down of a bucket vs side view

42
Q

Tactile Form Recognition Tests

A

Matching Shapes into shape holes

43
Q

Test for Contralateral Neglect

A

Bisect a line

affected patients are off center

44
Q

Test for visual perception

A

Mooney Closure Face Test

Tests for both Parietal or Temporal visual perception on ambiguous images

45
Q

Apraxia Tests

A

Movement Disorder
Kimura Box Test following a series of sequence of movement tasks
Can’t copy body movement? –> ideomotor apraxia
Can’t organize spatial movements like puzzles? constructional apraxia

Psych 2NF3 (6 decks)

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