PARLIAMENT Flashcards
(14 cards)
- WHEN WAS CHARLES FIRST PARLIAMENT CALLED?
-1625
- WHAT ISSUES WERE PRESENT IN CHARLES’ FIRST PARLIAMENT?
- TO FINANCE A WAR WITH SPAIN CHARLES NEED AROUND £1 MILLION FROM PARLIAMENT
- BECAUSE CHARLES DIDNT EXPLAIN HIS POSITION CLEARLY, PARLAIMENT ONLY GRANTED HIM 2 SMALL SUBSIDIES AND TONNAGE AND POUNDAGE FOR ONLY A YEAR
- CHARLES SAW THIS AS AN ATTACK NON HIOS PREROGATIVE AND CONTINUED TO COLLECT TONNAGE AND POUNDAGE AFTER A YEAR
-BUCKINGHAM WAS A SOURCE OF TENSION AS BECAUSE OF THE ENORMOUS INFLUENCE THAT HE WEILDED SINCE HE BECAME ONE OF JAMES FAVOURITES IN 1616
- CHARLES MADE BUCKINGHAM A GENTLEMAN OF THE BEDCHAMBER WITH ACCES TO HIM AT ANY HOUR
- PARLIAMENT DID NOT LIKE CHARLES SUPPORT OF THE ARMINIANS CLERIC RICHARD MONTAGU
- IN RESPONSE CHARLES MADE MONTAGU HIS ROYAL CHAPLAIN IN 1625
- CHARLES RESPONSE TO THE CRITICISMS OF BUCKINGHAM AND MONTAGU WAS TO DISSOLVE THE PARLIAMENT AFTER ONLY 2 MONTHS
- HOW DID CHARLES CAUSE THE ISSUES IN HIS FIRST PARLIAMENT?
- HE WOULD NOT MAKE ANY CONCESSIONS AND DID NOT EXPLAIN HIMSELF WELL
- HE DID NOT ENGAGE WITH LEADING FIGURES IN THE COMMONS OR CONSULT THE COURTS MOST LEADING FIGURERS
-WHAT HAPPENED AT THE 1625 CADIZ TRIP?
- CHARLES ANTI-SPANISH INTERVENTION IN THE 30 YEARS WAR
- TROOPS FOR THE GERMAN MERCENARY MANSFIELD WERE RAISED BY FORCE AND SENT TO THE NETHERLANDS BY FORCE WITH NO TRAINING AND LIMITED EQUIPMENT
- OUT OF 6000 TROOPS 4000 DIED FROM STARVATION
- THE ENGLISH FLEETFAILED TO TAKE THE SPANISH PORTY OF CADIZ OF CAPTURE THE SPANISH TREASURE FLEET AND MANY ENGLISH TROOPS WERE LOST
- THE FAILURE TO SPANISH FLEET TRANSPORTING GOLD WAS A BLOW FOR CHARL;ES AS IT MEANT HE HAD TO CALL ANOTHER PARLIAMENT FOR FINANCES
-THE 1626 PARLIAMENT
-WHEN WAS CHARLES’ SECOND PARLIAMENT CALLED ?
-1626
- WHAT WERE THE ISSUES PRESENT AT CHARLES 1626 PARLIAMENT?
- CHARLES IMMEDIATELY UPSET THIS PARLIAMENT BY ASKING NFOR THE ANTI-CALVINIST WILLIAM LAUD TO PREACH THE OPENING SERMON, IN THIS SERMON HE PREACHED OBEDIENCE TO THE KING
-NOTABLE CRITICS OF CHARLES COKE AND WENTWORTH WERE REMOVED BY ENSURING THEY HAD BEEN PICKED AS SHERIFFS WHO COULDNT STAND FOR ELECTION
-BUCKINGHAM ALSO REMOVED ANYONE IN COURT THAT HE SAW A S A POTENTIAL THREAT
- WHILE PARLIAMENT BLAMED BUCKINGHAM FOR FOR THE CADIZ FAILURE, CHARLES BLAMED PARLKIAMENT FOR NOT PROVIDING SUFFICIENT FUNDS
- MP’S STARTED IMPEACHMENT PROCEEDINGS AGAINST BUCKINGHAM HOWEVER THE MAJOR THREAT WAS THE EARL OF BRISTOL WHO WAS PRESENT AT THE ,MADRID TRIP IN N1623 AND KNEW THAT CHARLES HAD TRIED TO BRIBE SPANISH COURTIERS TO SECURE THE SPANISH MATCH
- CHARLES CHARGED BRISTOL WITH TREASON BUT HE HAD EVIDENCE THAT PERSUADED THE LORDS THAT BUCKINGHAM SHOULD BE THE ONE CHARGED WITH TREASON
IN AN EFFORT TO STOP BUCKINGHAM BEING IMPEACHED, CHARLES DISSOLVED THE PARLIAMENT
- WHAT HAPPENED AT LA ROCHELLE IN 1627?
-BUCKINGHAM WAS IN CHARGE OF CHARLES’ REVERSAL OF HELPING THEN FRENCH AGAINST THE HUGUENOTS
-BUCKINGHAMS FORCE LANDED ON AN ISLAND JUST OFF ROCHELLE TO ATTACK THE FRENCH, WHEN THE FRENCH WITHDREW, BUCKINGHAM LAID SEIGE AND AFTER MONTHS ATTEMPTED A DIRECT ASSAULT WHICH FAILED AS THE LADDERS WERE TOO SHORT
-THE POLICY REVERSE WAS USELESS AS THE KING OF FRANCE HAD ALREADY MADE PEACE WITH THE HUGUENOTS
- BUCKINGHAMS ATTACK SIGNALLED THAT BRITAIN WAS NOW AT WAR WITH BOTH SPAIN AND FRANCE AND ALL CHARLES’ MONEY HAD BEEN SPENT MEANING HE HAD TO CALL ANOTHER PARLIAMENT
- WHAT WAS THE 1627 5 KNIGHTS CASE?
-76 PEOPLE WERE IMPRISONED FOR REFUSING TO PAY FORCED LOANS, 5 OF THE MAIN RESISTORS WERE IMPRISONED BY CHARLES BY CLAIMING A COURT ORDER OF HABEUS CORPUS
- UNDER THIS WRIT THEY HAD TO BE TRIED FOR AN OFFENCE OR RELEASED
- CHARLES TOOK THEM TO TIAL AND THE JUDGE UPHELD CHARLES’ PREROGATIVE TO IMPRISON WITHOUT TRIAL THOSE WHO RESISTED FORCED LOANS
-HOWEVER THAT WAS NOT A GENERAL RIGHT FOR CHARLES AND ONLY APPLIED TO SPECIFIC CASES
- CHARLES ALLOWED ONE OF HIS LEGAL OFFICERS TO FALSIFY THE LEGAL RECORDS OF TE 5 KNIGHTS TO STATE THAT THE KING DID HAVE THE GENERAL RIGHT TO IMPRISON PEOPLE WITHOUT SHOWING GOOD REASON
-WHEN WAS CHARLES 3RD PARLIAMENT CALLED?
1628-29
- WHAT WENT ON IN CHARLES 1628-29 PARLIAMENT?
-AT THE BEGINNING, THE COMMONS APPEARED WILLING TO COMPROMISE
- CHARLES ALLOWED HIS SECRETARY OF STATE TO COMMUNICATE WITH PARLIAMENT INSTEAD OF HIM
- PARLIAMENT AGREED TO GRANT CHARLES. 5 SUBSIDIES IOF THE FOLLOWING ISSUES WERE ADDRESSED:
-TAXATION
-BILLETING
MARTIAL LAW
THE OTHER GRIEVANCE WAS AROUND IMPRISONMENT WITHOUT TRIAL LINKING TO THE 5 KNIGHTS CASE
- ALTHOUGHT THE 5 KNIGHTS WERE RELEASED IN 1628, THE COMMONS WERE BITTER ABOUT CHARLES’ UNDERHAND TACTICS AND WANTED TO PREVENT SOMETHING SIMILAR FROM HAPPENING AGAIN THEREFORE THEY CAME UP WITH THE PETITION OF RIGHT
-WHAT WAS THE 1628 PETITION OF RIGHT?
- CHARLES’ ACTIONS IN THE YEARS 1625-28 SHOWED THAT HIS POWER NEEDED TO BE RESTRICTED
- THERE WERE 4 POINTS TO THE PETITION OF RIGHT:
-PARLIAMENT HAD TO CONSENT TO TAXATION
-PEOPLE COULD ONLY BE IMPRISONED IF THERE WEAS JUST CAUSE
-THE IMPOSITION OF MARTIAL LAW ON THE POPULATION WAS ILLEGAL
-THE IMPOSITION OF BILLETING ON THE POPULATION WAS ILLEGAL - CHARLES ACCEPTED THE PETITION UNDER THE THREAT OF PARLIAMENTARY ACTION AGAINST BUCKINGHAM AND BECAUSE HE WAS DESPERATE FOR FUNDS FOR FOREIGN POLICY
- WHAT DID PARLIAMENT TURN THEIR ATTENTION TOWARDS AFTER THE 1628 PETITION OPF RIGHT?
-BUCKINGHAMS ROLE IN GOVERNANCE
-COKE AND ELIOT CRITICISED HIM AND THJE COMMONS ATTACKED HIS FOREIGN POLICY FAILURE AT CADIZ IN 1627
-AUGUST 1628 BUCKINGHAM WAS ASSASSINATED BY A DISGRUNTLED SOLDIER CALLED JOHN FELTON
-WHEN DID BUCKINGHAM DIE?
- 23 AUGUST 1628, ASSASSINATED BY JOHN FELTON
- HOW DID CHARLES REACT TO BUCKINGHAMS DEATH?
- BLAMED PARLIAMENT AND ITS NEGATIVE PORTRAYAL OF BUCKINGHAM
- HE WITHDREW FURTHER FROM THE PUBLIC AND LISTENED TO THE ADVICE OF HIS WIFE HENRIETTA MARIA
