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Microbiology > Past Papers > Flashcards

Past Papers Flashcards

1
Q

Name two antibiotics that acts on bacterial cell walls…

A

Penicillin and vancomycin

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2
Q

Most common causes of UTI’s…

A

E.Coli & Staphylococcus Saprophyticus

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3
Q

What proportion of healthcare associated infections could be prevented with good practice?

A

15-30

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4
Q

What PPE should be used for MRSA patients?

A

Apron & gloves

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5
Q

Name the leading cause of community pneumonia…

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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6
Q

E.Coli

A

Is a gram - rod shaped organism

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7
Q

What is the main route of the spread of Hep A?

A

Faecal-oral

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8
Q

Most appropriate sample for elderly patient for elective surgery?

A

Nasal swab

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9
Q

Which enteric organism is associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?

A

E.Coli

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10
Q

Most appropriate sample for suspected shigella?

A

Faecal sample

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11
Q

What is the best method to decontaminate physically soiled hands?

A

Wash with soap and water then alcohol hand gel

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12
Q

Most appropriate sample for suspected C.Diff in patient with urinary catheter?

A

Faecal sample

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13
Q

Most appropriate sample for suspected meningitis in neonatal?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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14
Q

Most appropriate sample for patient who presents with pyelonephritis?

A

Clean catch urine

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15
Q

If the infection is tonsillitis the organism is…

A

Steptococcus pyogenes (GAS)

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16
Q

If there is a surgical wound infection the organism is…

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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17
Q

If the infection is a medical device related infection the organism is…

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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18
Q

Urethral discharge should be collected by…

A

Swab

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19
Q

If someone has resistance to vancomycin the organism is…

A

Enterococcus faecalis

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21
Q

When should cohort nursing not occur?

A

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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22
Q

PPE for a blood sample from MRSA + patient…

A

Disposable plastic apron & non-sterile gloves

23
Q

2 major causes of meningitis…

A

Neisseria meningitdis and strep pneumoniae

23
Q

PPE for inserting urinary catheter…

A

Disposable plastic apron & sterile gloves

24
Q

PPE for using disinfectants…

A

Disposable plastic apron & non-sterile gloves

25
Q

PPE for caring for a patient with suspected multi-drug resistant pulmonary TB…

A

Disposable plastic apron & non-sterile gloves & face mask

26
Q

PPE for cleaning up a blood spill

A

Disposable plastic apron & non-sterile gloves

27
Q

Counting the number of bacteria present in a sample can be useful for differentiating between colonization and significant infection in which specimen?

A

Urine

28
Q

How many patients are estimated to die of healthcare associated infection annually?

A

5,000

29
Q

Regular uniform change is not…

A

Standard precautions use for infection prevention

30
Q

Outer membrane is a structure unique to…

A

Gram - bacteria

31
Q

What percentage of patients are likely to acquire an infection whilst in hospital?

A

10%

32
Q

Main cause of antibiotic associated diarrhoea?

A

C.Diff

33
Q

What shape is E.Coli?

A

Rod

34
Q

What shape is neisseria meningitidis

A

Coccus

35
Q

Which part of the body is most heavily colonised by bacteria?

A

GI Tract

36
Q

How should hands be decontaminated after dealing with a C.Diff patient?

A

Soap and water

37
Q

Herpes virus is not…

A

A small, round virus

38
Q

Which cell types are mainly depleted during HIV/AIDS?

A

CD4+ T-Lymphocytes

39
Q

Leading cause of meningitis in babies?

A

Group B Streptococcus

40
Q

Epstein Barr virus is associated with…

A

Cancer

41
Q

What virus family does mumps virus belong to?

A

Paramyxoviruses

42
Q

Main cause of impetigo…

A

Staphylococcus aureus

43
Q

Symptoms: Urgency, pain and frequency associated with urination, blood in the uirne and lower back pain

A

Condition: Pyelonephritis

44
Q

Symptoms: Purulent sputum, shortness of breath, cyanosis, chest pain and fever

A

Condition: Pneumonia

45
Q

Most appropriate care pathway for… nenonatal presenting fever, drowsiness and is very irritable. Mother is positive for Group B Streptococcus

A

Initiate use of PPE take a CSF sample

46
Q

Symptoms: Nausea, vomitting and diarrhoea

A

Condition: Salmonella enterica infection

47
Q

Symptoms: Fever, abdominal cramps and blood diarrhoea that is full of mucous

A

Condition: Bacillary dysentery

48
Q

Symptoms: Sudden onset or development of painful, red generalised area of skin that is hot and tender

A

Condition: Cellulitis

49
Q

Most appropriate care pathway for… Elderly patient that has been bed ridden for 3 weeks and has developed pressure sores that are red and painful

A

Admit to general medical ward, initiate use of PPE and take a wound swab

50
Q

Most appropriate care pathway for… elderly patient with faecal incontinence and complains of pain that is limited to the bladder region

A

Admit to general medical ward, initiate use of PPE and take a urine sample

51
Q

Most appropriate care pathway for… post heart surgery patient with a red swollen and painful wound with a purluent exudate visible. The patient has been admitted 4 times in last 6 months and has been taking antibiotics for chest infection

A

Isolate patient in a side room, initiate use of PPE, take a blood sample, nasal swab and inform infection prevention and control team

52
Q

Most appropriate care pathway for… elderly homeless man with chest pain, fever and a high respiratory rate who has a productive cough and his lips are a little blue

A

Admit to general medical ward, take blood and sputum samples and inform the ward sister

Microbiology (5 decks)

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