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Oncology past Qs > Past Qs > Flashcards

Past Qs Flashcards

1
Q

For which tumor is palliative analgesia NOT required?

a. osteosarcoma
b.Inflammatory carcinoma
c.Ulcerative Grade III mastocytoma
d. Condition after radical tumor removal surgery
e. . It may be potentially necessary in
all cases, so the question cannot be answered clearly

A

Needed for Canine osteosarcoma

e. It may be potentially necessary in
all cases, so the question cannot be answered clearly

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2
Q

It is NOT true for paranal adenocarcinoma:

a. In the case of toceranib phosphate (Palladia) is a well-functioning chemotherapy treatment.
b. It is often associated with hyeprcalcaemia as a paraneoplastic phenomenon.
c. Tumor with high metastatic rate.
d. Hormone dependent.

e. Edema of the hind limbs is
common.

A

d. Hormone dependent.

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3
Q

Lymphoma staging includes?:

a. Cytological examination of nycs
b. Immunophenotyping
c. Abdominal ultrasound
d. Each
e. Bone marrow sampling

A

d.Each

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4
Q

Which is the correct statement?

a. The X-ray. on recording, the presence of the Codman triangle can only occur in bone cancer.
b. In dogs, total hemimandibulectomy cannot be performed due to instability of the remaining mandibular half and aesthetic outcome.
c. Long-term bone tumors never require a biopsy before radical surgery to make an accurate diagnosis
d. The goal of the multimodal approach is to retain the limb in bone tumors.

e. In malignant bone tumors and
synovial sarcoma, metastasis search is essential for planning.

A

e. In malignant bone tumors and

synovial sarcoma, metastasis search is essential for planning.

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5
Q

In the case of lymphoma, what differences are seen during abdominal ultrasound?

a. Hepato-splenomegaly
b. Abdominal nycs enlargement
c. Kidney size increases, cortical stock thickens
d. Intestinal wall thickening
e. Each

A

e. Each

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6
Q

How can we prevent the development of FISS or make it more manageable?

a. Vaccinate as infrequently as possible
b. Vaccines are given on the skin on the last 1/3 of the tail or on the hips.
c. Only the vaccines that are really needed are given
d. Aluminum adjuvants should not be used
e. all

A

e. all

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7
Q

Think its about hemangiosarcoma!

a. Surgical therapy alone is sufficient
b. Has a high metastatic rate
c. Bir with high metastatic rate Even in the case of splenic rupture, survival of more than one year is expected.
d. A common occurrence is in the left ventricle
e. The prognosis of skin shape is worse than that of heart shape

A

b. Has a high metastatic rate

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8
Q

Which of the following tumor types is contraindicated in surgery?

a. Nephroblastoma
b. Solid benign tumor in the bladder, away from the trigonium
c. Kidney lymphoma
d. Unilateral renal carcinoma without metastasis
e. Unilateral RCC

A

c. Kidney lymphoma

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9
Q

Which tumor is photodynamic therapy (PDT) recommended?

a. Grade II mastocytoma of the breast
b. Limb osteosarcoma
c. Squamous cell carcinoma of the ear or nose in cats
d. (SCC) Superficial ntrative lipoma
e. Lymphoma lymph node (T-cell origin only)

A

c. Squamous cell carcinoma of the ear or nose in cats

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10
Q

Sarcomas are NOT characterized by:

a. They are mainly distributed hematogenically
b. They are infiltrative
c. They recur frequently locally
d. They have a well-defined border, they have capsules.
e. They are difficult to diagnose

A

d. They have a well-defined border, they have capsules.

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11
Q

What is the correct attitude of a veterinary oncologist?

a. Informs in an objective, informatic way
b. Empathetic
c. He is up to date with knowledge
d. Each
e. None of them

A

d.Each

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12
Q

Which statement is false?

a. It causes an increase in the number of oncology patients in pet practice
b. Decrease in infectious disease mortality
c. Increase in life expectancy
d. Parasite invasion due to global warming

e.Development of diagnostic methods
Increased ownership

A

d. Parasite invasion due to global warming

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13
Q

Which of the following conditions has the most favorable prognosis?

a. FeLV-associated mediastinal lymphoma in cats
b. FeLV-associated acute lymphoblastic leukemia in cats
c. epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides)
d. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in dogs

e. acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
dogs

A

d. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in dogs

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14
Q

What is NOT true of metronomicus protocols?

a. Low drug dose
b. Oral administration
c. Daily medication
d. Duration of therapy is short (a few weeks)
e. Medication is given by the owner

A

d. Duration of therapy is short (a few weeks)

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15
Q

Which disease should be treated with chemotherapy in the first place?

a. breast cancer
b. Osteosarcoma
c. Lymphoma
d. Melanoma
e. Fibrosarcoma

A

c. Lymphoma

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16
Q

What is NOT true of the blood lab of a leukemia patient?

a. We often experience anemia
b. In acute cases, blasts may appear
c. In each case, the white blood cell count rises
d. Diagnosis will require smear analysis in most cases.
e. Not all cases develop monoclonal gammopathy.

A

c. In each case, the white blood cell count rises

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17
Q

Which skin tumor does NOT require any treatment other than surgical removal (medication, chemotherapy or radiation therapy?

a. grade II melanoma
b. grade II mast cell tumor (MCT)
c. grade I basal cell tumor
d. grade III fibrosarcoma
e. grade III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

A

c. grade I basal cell tumor

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18
Q

Which of the following tumors is inherited?

a. Kidney lobe of West highland white terriers
b. Renal cystadenocarcinoma and nodular dermatobrosis in German shepherds
c. Urinary squamous cell carcinoma of Scottish Terriers
d. Breast cancer in British Shorthair cats
e. Kidney lump in British Shorthair cats

A

b. Renal cystadenocarcinoma and nodular dermatobrosis in German shepherds

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19
Q

In the case of a 1.5 cm diameter single breast tumor in a cat, which solution is definitely wrong?

a. Regional mastectomy
b. Mammectomy
c. Unilateral radical mastectomy
d. Focal removal
e. Bilateral radical mastectomy

A

d. Focal removal

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20
Q

What is the purpose of radiation therapy?

a. removal of the tumor
b. reducing the size and extent of the tumor and killing the cancer cells
c. to prevent the formation of metastases
d. treatment of intestinal tumors
e. induction of surgical therapy

A

b. reducing the size and extent of the tumor and killing the cancer cells

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21
Q

For which tumor type was the first AUV antitumor DNA vaccine developed?

a. Mastocytoma of dogs
b. Oral melanoma in dogs
c. Transient cell bladder carcinoma in dogs
d. Breast adenoma in dogs
e. Dogs have spleen haemangiosarcomas

A

b. Oral melanoma in dogs

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22
Q

Which statement is NOT true about the technical solution of FISS surgery?

a. 1 cm wound margin is enough and 0,3 cm wound depth excision is enough
b. resection is recommended
c. Maintaining a minimum of 5 cm intact surgical target and 2 facial layer depths
d. Photodynamic treatment recommended during surgery

e. Rotational plastic surgery may be
required

A

a. 1 cm wound margin is enough and 0,3 cm wound depth excision is enough

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23
Q

Which statement is incorrect?

a. Osteosarcoma is the most common in large and giant breeds.
b. Osteosarcoma is the most common in the metastasis of long tubular bones.
c. Soft tissue fibrosarcoma does not fuse bone tissue because it cannot break through the fascia and bone tissue.
d. Synovial sarcoma is an aggressive, metastatic tumor, requiring radical removal and chemotherapy.
e. In dogs, the proportion of tumors of the humerus is about 5% of all bone tumors.

A

c. Soft tissue fibrosarcoma does not fuse bone tissue because it cannot break through the fascia and bone tissue.

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24
Q

Which skin tumor is typical of the boxer dog breed?

a. squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
b. reactive cutaneous histiocytosis melanoma
c. (skin) lymphoma
d. mast cell tumor (MCT)
e. all

A

answer: e

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) -yes
reactive cutaneous histiocytosis melanoma -yes if melanoma but no for cutaneous histiocytosis. So a bit unclear.

lymphoma -yes
mast cell tumor (MCT) -yes

if the question which is most: likelty MCT

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25
Q

The most common intestinal cancer in cats …

a. Adenocarcinoma
b. Lymphoma
c. GIST
d. leiomyosarcoma
e. adenoma

A

b. Lymphoma

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26
Q

Which is the correct statement?

a. “Stage” and “Grade” are the same concepts.
b. In lymph node biopsy, the chin ispreferably preferred to praescapularis.
c. Intracapsular tumor removal is meaningless in all cases.
d. Radiotherapy does not affect wound healing.
e. Marginal excision and cytoreductive surgery can be used in malignancies if necessary. supplemented with radiotherapy.

A

e. Marginal excision and cytoreductive surgery can be used in malignancies if necessary. supplemented with radiotherapy.

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27
Q

Which steroid formulation would you choose to stabilize a lymphoma dog?

a. Diprophos im
b. Dexamethasone iv once daily
c. Medrol high dose orally
d. Solu-medrol iv or prednisolone oral
e. Dexafort sc.

A

d. Solu-medrol iv or prednisolone oral

Prednisolon PO

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28
Q

Spleen haemangiosarcoma is characterized by:

a. All of them
b. It is usually a very aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis
c. It is usually not recommended to sample it through the abdominal wall.
d. It often makes metastases to the right earlobe.
e. DIC can cause it.

A

a. All of them

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29
Q

Cat FISS stage 3

a. more than 2 cm, grows for 4 weeks, 1 month after vaccination
b. more than 2 cm, grows for 4 weeks, 3 months after vaccination

c. more than 3 cm, grows for 4 weeks, 3 months after
vaccination 3 months there is still

d. more than 2 cm, grows for 8 weeks, 3 months after vaccination
e. More than 4 cm, grows for 2 weeks, 3 months after vaccination

A

b. more than 2 cm, grows for 4 weeks, 3 months after vaccination

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30
Q

What tests should I do if I have prostate cancer?

a. abdominal ultrasound
b. Chest x-ray
c. Cytology
d. Pelvic Spine x-ray
e. Each

A

e. Each

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31
Q

What is the least good treatment option for trigonal transient cell carcinoma (TCC)?

a. Intravenous chemotherapy
b. Surgical excision
c. Topical chemotherapy
d. Selective COX 2 inhibitor treatment
e. All

A

b. Surgical excision

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32
Q

Choose the false statement :

a. The incidence of skin tumors is several times higher in dogs than in cats
b. In dogs approx. the population is 150.4 / 100,000 characterized by the incidence of skin tumors
c. The incidence of skin tumors in the cat population is 51.7 / 100,000
d. In dogs, skin cancer is the second most common type of cancer and about 20-30% of it is malignant
e. In cats, about 20% of tumors are skin tumors and 69-82% are benign

A

e. In cats, about 20% of tumors are skin tumors and 69-82% are benign

false because 69-82 % malignant would be correct

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33
Q

What is NOT true of stage classification?

a. A higher stage is associated with a longer expected survival
b. Additional studies are required for staging
c. Gives the extent of tumor progression in the body
d. varies by animal species and tumor type

e. It is recommended for all malignant
patients

A

a. A higher stage is associated with a longer expected survival

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34
Q

What are the steps/settings for surgical treatment of sarcomas:

a. 3cm safety margins and 1 fascia layer depth
b. Excisional biopsy en-block
c. Amputation should be performed as high as possible
d. Marking tissue margins for excision
e. All of them

A

e. All of them

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35
Q

How do we NOT sample for TCC (transient cell carcinoma)

a. With urethral catheter
b. With free collection of urine
c. with bladder puncture
d. through the abdominal wall during cystoscopy
e. None of them

A

c. with bladder puncture

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36
Q

Which drug does not affect tumor growth?

a. cyclosporine
b. oclacitinib
c. azathioprine
d. diphenhydramine
e. cortisone

A

answer is most likely e

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37
Q

Which is the wrong statement?

a. Microscopic tumor foci are sure to remain with marginal excision and malignant, aggressive tumors.
b. Sharp preparation is recommended instead of blunt.
c. Preoperative chemo. radiotherapy is contraindicated.
d. For Grade II mastocytoma, the minimum recommended intact wound margin is 2 cm

e. In inguinal regional mastectomy,
the regional lymph node is always removed

A

c. Preoperative chemo. radiotherapy is contraindicated.

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38
Q

What is NOT true for oral melanomas?

a. Extremely aggressive
b. They are never amelanotic
c. They often form a lung metastasis
d. They require radical therapy
e. They are more common in dogs than in cats

A

b. They are never amelanotic

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39
Q

What is the most common bladder cancer in dogs?

a. Transient cell carcinoma (TCC)
b. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
c. Adenocarcinoma (AC)
d. Rhabdomyosarcoma
e. Fibroma

A

a. Transient cell carcinoma (TCC)

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40
Q

Which is the correct statement?

a. Bone cancer is much more common in cats than in dogs.
b. In bone tumors, pain only occurs if there is a pathological fracture.
c. For bone biopsy, it is sufficient to take a sample from one side of the compact to avoid scattering.
d. Radius os. after radical surgery, chemotherapy is unnecessary.

e. The “limb sparing” technique
occurs primarily in the distal radius (ulna) localization of osteosarcomas.

A

e. The “limb sparing” technique

occurs primarily in the distal radius (ulna) localization of osteosarcomas.

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41
Q

What is NOT characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma?

a. Usually a lobe affecting the so-called. “massive” form of liver tumors.
b. In its case, ALT increases to a greater extent than AST.
c. He has a better prognosis with surgery and chemotherapy.
d. In its case, AST increases to a greater extent than ALT.
e. It can also be sampled through the abdominal wall.

A

d. In its case, AST increases to a greater extent than ALT.

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42
Q

It is characteristic of chronic lymphoid leukemia

a. Mainly the population of mature lymphocytes grows in the blood.
b. Poor prognosis, survival a few months.
c. Each
d. It requires very aggressive chemotherapy
e. None of them

A

a. Mainly the population of mature lymphocytes grows in the blood.

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43
Q

What is the correct order?

a promotion, initiation, progression

b. initiation, promotion, progression
c. progression, initiation, promotion
d. promotion, progression, initiation
e. progression, promotion, initiation

A

b. initiation, promotion, progression

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44
Q

For which condition was the first AUV tyrosine kinase inhibitor tablet registered?

a. acute lymphoblastic leukemia in cats
b. Mastocytoma in dogs
c. Transient bladder carcinoma in cats
d. Osteosarcoma in dogs
e. Adenocarcinoma of the thyroid
gland in dogs

A

b. Mastocytoma in dogs

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45
Q

Which is NOT a negative prognostic factor for canine lymphoma?

a. Abdominal wall skin hyperpigmentation
b. Hypercalcaemia
c. Basic stage
d. Stage V.
e. T-cell immunophenotype

A

e. T-cell immunophenotype

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46
Q

In case of insulinoma, which drugs may be good for the treatment of hypoglycaemia?

a. Prednisolone
b. Diazoxide
c. Each
d. Streptozotocin
e. Ocreotide

A

says until surgery prednisolon and diazoxide

47
Q

What is the dose of piroxicam for TCC or prostate cancer?

a. 3 mg / kg 2 * po.
b. 0.3 mg / kg 2 * po.
c. 3 mg / kg 1 * po.
d. 0.3 mg / kg 1 * po.
e. 0.3 mg / kg 3 * po

A

d. 0.3 mg / kg 1 * po.

48
Q

What are non-inflammatory and non-neoplastic skin nodules and / or skin swellings?

a. lick granuloma
b. Keratoacanthoma
c. Epidermal cyst
d. carcinoma
e. sebaceous gland hyperplasia

A

c. Epidermal cyst

49
Q

Which of the following is not suitable for the treatment of TCC in dogs?

a. Systemic Carboplatin + Piroxicam Oral
b. Systemic Mitoxantrone + Piroxicam Oral
c. Intravesical Cysplatin + Piroxicam Oral
d. Piroxicam Oral Monotherapy
e. Systemic Vincristin + Piroxicam orally

A

e. Systemic Vincristin + Piroxicam orally

50
Q

Which statement is true for cytological examinations?

a. It always gives a de native diagnosis, so there is no need for histology after performing it
b. Expensive and time consuming (compared to histological examinations)
c. Sampling usually requires surgical conditions
d. It is an inexpensive, fast, and mostly informative diagnostic method for surgical planning
e. Sampling cannot be performed without the simultaneous use of imaging tests

A

d. It is an inexpensive, fast, and mostly informative diagnostic method for surgical planning

51
Q

“Which statement is incorrect?
After removing the tumor:

a. Wound is “ washed “with antibiotic solution
b. Isolation, gloves and instrument replacement are recommended
c. Layered wound closure is important
d. If possible, we use mono l yarns.
e. Drain should only be used with duecare.

A

a. Wound is “ washed “with antibiotic solution

52
Q

Which statement is incorrect?

a. In the radical surgical resolution of tumors of long tubular bones, high amputation is usually warranted.
b. Osteosarcoma is a type of tumor with a metastatic tendency.
c. 90% of bone tumors in malignant dogs.

d. Chondrosarcoma is less metastatic
than osteosarcoma

e. Bone tumors are 1.5 times more common in bitches.

A

e. Bone tumors are 1.5 times more common in bitches.

53
Q

Which statement is true for histological examinations?

a. Surgical anesthesia is always required for sampling
b. It always gives a definitive and definite diagnosis
c. Immunohistochemistry is not recommended because it is expensive
d. There is no need for a veterinary pathologist to evaluate it, and human colleagues are also reliable

e. It is recommended to be performed
at all tumor surgeries

A

d. There is no need for a veterinary pathologist to evaluate it, and human colleagues are also reliable

54
Q

Which of the following is NOT a chemotherapeutic side effect?

a. Myelosuppression
b. Vomiting
c. Diarrhea
d. Otitis media
e. Alopecia

A

d. Otitis media

55
Q

Which statement is false?
When using an intravenous cytostatic correctly

a. Preliminary laboratory tests are required
b. In all cases, a venous cannula should be used
c. No need to pay attention to prevention of contamination
d. The owner should be informed of the expected side effects

A

c. No need to pay attention to prevention of contamination

56
Q

Which form is most common in canine lymphoma?

a. alimentary
b. cutaneous
c. mediastinal
d. multicentric
e. Eye

A

d. multicentric

57
Q

Which drug is NOT a member of the CHOP (COPA) protocol?

a. Vincristine
b. Doxorubicin
c. Carboplatin
d. Prednisolone
e. Cyclophospamide

A

c. Carboplatin

58
Q

Which of the following is true for prostate carcinoma?

a. Prostate calcification may only be carcinoma in intact males
b. No metastasis to vertebrae

c. It is malignant, locally invasive and
also quickly forms metastases

d. Prostatectomy is the primary
choice in its treatment

e. Systemic carboplatin should not be
used in its treatment

A

c. It is malignant, locally invasive and

also quickly forms metastases

59
Q

Aspects of biopsy for oral tumors:

a. Always take more and relatively large samples because secondary inflammation can mask the lesion
b. It is advisable to take the sample from the skin
c. They usually do not scatter
d. All of them
e. None of them

A

a. Always take more and relatively large samples because secondary inflammation can mask the lesion

60
Q

Why does the lack of it most often lead to the abandonment of microscopic tumor tissue?

a. Postoperative histopathological examination.
b. Preoperative sampling.
c. Thorough anatomical knowledge.
d. Preoperative planning.
e. Preoperative blood sampling

A

d. Preoperative planning.

61
Q

What does fractional irradiation mean?

a. Delivery of the planned radiation dose in smaller doses over a specified period
b. Reduction of the total planned radiation dose
c. Increasing the total planned radiation dose
d. Distribution of the total planned radiation dose per body surface area
e. Replacement of missed radiotherapy

A

a. Delivery of the planned radiation dose in smaller doses over a specified period

62
Q

Which statement is true for squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)?

a. Oral SCCs are tumors of mucosal origin and therefore do not inflate the bone.
b. Usually, metastatic disease causes the death of cats
c. With proper surgical excision, the likelihood of recurrence of nasal SCCs is low
d. Safe diagnosis by cytological sampling
e. Cats do not eat on their own after a mandibulectomy

A

e. Cats do not eat on their own after a mandibulectomy

63
Q

Which skin tumor does NOT require any treatment other than surgical removal (medication, chemotherapy or radiation therapy?

a. Melanoma
b. Mast cell tumor (MCT)
c. Basal cell tumor
d. Fibrosarcoma
e. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

A

c. Basal cell tumor

64
Q

Which breeds are most prone to Melanoma

a. Miniature poodles
b. Cocker spaniel
c. Golden retriever
d. Gordon setter
e. all of the above

A

e. all of the above

65
Q

Which genetically confirmed dog breed in which osteosarcoma develops?

a. Dobermann pinscher
b. Miniature schnauzer
c. Yorkshire terrier
d. Rottweiler
e. German shepherd

A

d. Rottweiler

66
Q

Which statement is true about breast cancer in cats?

a. Cats lack the abdominal II breast colony
b. Breast cancer in cats is 85% malignant
c. When a malignancy is detected, there is usually already a lung metastasis
d. To avoid excessive tension, the removal of the milking on both sides is always performed in 2 steps
e. Radical surgical excision does not cause significantly longer survival time compared to regional excision

A

b. Breast cancer in cats is 85% malignant

but could maybe also be: To avoid excessive tension, the removal of the milking on both sides is always performed in 2 steps.

67
Q

What is NOT characteristic of malignancies?

a. Increased proliferation
b. Invasiveness
c. Metastasis
d. Increased apoptosis
e. Long service life

A

e. Long service life

68
Q

Which of the following is non-ionizing radiation?

a.gamma radiation
b. Pi-meson
c.. radiation
d neutron radiation
e. proton radiation α-radiation

A

d. neutron radiation

69
Q

What is characteristic of the localization of melanomas?

a. They are malignant clinically everywhere
b. Melanomas of the trunk are not clinically malignant
c. Oral melanomas are not clinically malignant
d. toe melanomas are not clinically malignant
e. Eyelid melanomas are mostly clinically malignant in dogs

A

b. Melanomas of the trunk are not clinically malignant

70
Q

Mention two varieties that are mostly
benign with melanomas!

a. Doberman pinscher, Miniature schnauzer
b. German Shepherd, Hungarian Vizsla
c. Great Dane, Rottweiler
d. Shih-tzu, Beijing palace clamp
e. Puli, mudi

A

a. Doberman pinscher, Miniature schnauzer

71
Q

What is true about feline iris melanoma?

a. Corpus ciliare + sclera localization with or without glaucoma suggests malignancy
b. Corpus ciliare + vitreous localization with or without glaucoma indicates malignancy
c. Retina + sclear localization indicates malignancy
d. Corpus ciliare + chorioidea localization indicates malignancy
e. Corpus ciliare + sclera localization without glaucoma suggests benignity

A

a. Corpus ciliare + sclera localization with or without glaucoma suggests malignancy

72
Q

Which statement is not true for cat-induced sarcoma (FISS) in cats?

a. With a 5cm lateral safety zone, they should be removed 2 fascia deep
b. FISS is one of the most invasive tumors in cats
c. A wound healing complication can easily develop between the two shoulder blades
d. Prickly protrusions should always be removed between the two scapular regions
e. It is important to make sure of the diagnosis first with an excision biopsy. NOT recommended but incisional is okay!

A

e. It is important to make sure of the diagnosis first with an excision biopsy. NOT recommended but incisional is okay!

73
Q

What is called a “cherry eye” in dogs?

a. Melanoma
b. Adenocarcinoma
c. Laphamic carcinoma
d. Sarcoma
e. Haemangioma

A

b. Adenocarcinoma

74
Q

This drug cause massive kidney damage, when we use it systemically and is therefore most commonly used in topical treatments.

a. vincristin
b. masitinib
c. Asparaginase
d. cisplatin
e. doxorubicin

A

d. cisplatin

75
Q

What are NOT tumor characteristics (hallmarks)?

a. Metastatic potential and invasiveness
b. Avoidance of apoptosis, Hypersensitivity to proliferative signals
c. Decreased sensitivity to antiproliferative signals, Unlimited replicability
d. Sustained angiogenesis
e. Food source

A

e. Food source

76
Q

What is true of conjunctival melanoma in cats?

a. Sometimes malignant
b. Benign
c. Practically malignant
d. It’s always melanotic
e. It can provide metastases to the abdominal lymph nodes

A

c. Practically malignant

77
Q

What is radiotherapy?

a. Use of radiation
b. Radiation therapy, ie the use of radiation in medical treatment
c. Irradiation with gamma radiation
d. Meson treatment
e. Proton radiation

A

b. Radiation therapy, ie the use of radiation in medical treatment

78
Q

What are the most common deaths in humans in the world?

a. Cancerous disease
b. Cardiovascular disease
c. Infectious disease
d. Starvation
e. Smoking

A

b. Cardiovascular disease

79
Q

What is the % distribution of localization of canine osteosarcomas

A

25% trunk, 75% legs

80
Q

Choose the false statement! -

a. The incidence of skin tumors is several times higher in dogs than in cats.
b. In dogs approx. 1% of the population is characterized by the incidence of skin tumors
c. The incidence of skin tumors in the cat population is about 1-2 per thousand
d. In dogs, skin cancer is the most common type of tumor and about 20-30% of it is malignant.
e. In cats, about 20% of tumors are skin tumors and 69-82% are benign

A

e. In cats, about 20% of tumors are skin tumors and 69-82% are benign as true is if it would be malignant.

they had said c here though.

81
Q

What is characteristic of tumor metastasis?

a. It does not require angiogenesis
b. Tumor cells are constantly mutating and then torn off to invade
c. Blood vessels prefer to metastasize because there is no basal membrane
d. Malignant tumors always form distant metastases in the first place
e. No vascular invasion is required for regional metastasis

A

e. No vascular invasion is required for regional metastasis

82
Q

Which statement is false?

a. GR II mastocytomas should be removed with a 2cm safety zone, 1 fascia deep.
b. Soft tissue sarcomas should be removed with a 3cm safety zone, 1 fascia deep.
c. Feline Injection Site Sarcomas should be removed with a 5 cm safety zone, 1 fascia deep.
d. Carcinomas should be removed with a 1-2cm safety zone, 1 fascia deep.
e. Gastrointestinal tumors should be removed with a safety zone of 4-8 cm.

A

c. Feline Injection Site Sarcomas should be removed with a 5 cm safety zone, 1 fascia deep.

83
Q

Which statement is false

a. Magnetic resonance imaging is suitable for the detection / exclusion of central nervous system tumors.
b. Ultrasound and, in some cases, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging can be used to detect abdominal tumors.
c. Magnetic resonance imaging is suitable for searching for lung metastases. (CT is better)
d. Imaging methods suitable for metastasis in non-nervous tumors: X-ray, computed tomography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.
e. The test method is selected correctly based on its specificity and sensitivity.

A

c. Magnetic resonance imaging is suitable for searching for lung metastases. (CT is better)

84
Q

What is the advantage of histology over cytology? Choose a true statement

a. It will be ready sooner
b. The exact morphology and structure of the tumor can be examined
c. Sampling is less invasive
d. It can be repeated any number of times
c. It has no advantage over histology

A

b. The exact morphology and structure of the tumor can be examined

85
Q

Which statement is true for breast tumors in dogs?

a. The hormonal changes that accompany puberty play a major role in the subsequent breast in tumor formation
b. In an older animal, neutering has no effect on the development of newer tumors
c. Neutering at the same time as mastectomy should only be performed after removal of the tumor.
d. n carcinomas, neutering below high blood P4 levels may have a beneficial effect on prognosis
e. In benign tumors, hormone dependence is generally not observed

A

a. The hormonal changes that accompany puberty play a major role in the subsequent breast in tumor formation

86
Q

The goal when choosing an imaging procedure is

a. To earn as much revenue as possible
b. Utilizing one’s own set of tools to keep the patient from going elsewhere
c. Gaining time
d. Reassuring the farmer
e. Cost-effective, repeatable examination to obtain early diagnosis as quickly as possible

A

e. Cost-effective, repeatable examination to obtain early diagnosis as quickly as possible

87
Q

When would you choose chemotherapy secondarily as a treatment tool from the following cases

a. Acute leukemia
b. Myeloma
c. Lymphoma
d. Spleen haemangiosarcoma
e. Chronic leukemia

A

d. Spleen haemangiosarcoma

88
Q

Which skin tumor is least characteristic of the boxer dog breed?

a. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
b. Reactive cutaneous histiocytosis
c. Melanoma
d. (skin) lymphoma
e. Mast cell tumor (MCT)

A

b. Reactive cutaneous histiocytosis

89
Q

What are the side effects of radiotherapy

a. Only with acute side effects
b. With chronic side effects only
c. No side effects are expected
d. With acute and chronic side effects and sometimes so-called with the development of a secondary tumor
e. With acute and chronic side effects

A

e. With acute and chronic side effects

90
Q

Which statement is not true about soft tissue sarcomas?

a. Grade affects the surgical dose
b. Tumor size affects the surgical dose
c. . They can also be removed with a smaller safety zone in combination with adjuvant
d. Each
e. None of them

A

e. None of them

91
Q

What is NOT the main component of therapy resistance?

a. DNA repair, E flux pumps
b. Increased detoxification activity (citrome P450 system)
c. Decreased apoptosis skill
d. Inhibited membrane entry
e. DNA strand break

A

b. Increased detoxification activity (citrome P450 system)

92
Q

What is the sensitivity of a diagnostic test method?

a. Fitness to detect the disease.
b. Suitability to exclude the disease.
c. Ability to detect specific signs of disease.
d. Ability to detect minimal lesions indicative of disease.
e. The test uses a special contrast agent to which the tumor cells are sensitive.

A

d. Ability to detect minimal lesions indicative of disease.

93
Q

How many tumor cells are palpable?
(cells…)

a. 10^20
b. 10^6
c. 10^100
d. 10^30
e. 10^9

A

e. 10^9

94
Q

What is the typical localization of osteosarcoma of the foot in a dog?

a. Elbow close, knee away
b. Elbows and knees close
c. Elbow away, knee close
d. Knee and elbow away
e. The foot is gay in all breeds than the trunk

A

c. Elbow away, knee close

95
Q

Which is NOT one of the criteria for malignancy at the CELL level

a. It does not have a connective tissue case
b. Presence of abnormal mitotic shapes
c. Dedi erection of cells
d. Increased number of mitotic shapes
e. Each is a set-level malignancy criterion

A

a. It does not have a connective tissue case

96
Q

Which statement is true for breast tumors in dogs?

a. Most commonly, we experience tumors of the thoracic breast colonies
b. The middle mammary colony may also have lymph flow in the cranial and caudal directions
c. Staging during abdominal ultrasound should be checked for mesenteric lymph node status.

d. The major nutritive force of the caudal breast colonies is a.
epigastrica profunda

e. In dogs, there is no lymphatic communication between the two-sided breast slats

A

e. In dogs, there is no lymphatic communication between the two-sided breast slats

97
Q

Immunohistochemistry is characterized by ..

a. Hematoxylin-eosin alone is sufficient for diagnosis without staining
b. It is used in tumors that have been operated on once
c. Your problem may be that the same antigen is expressed by another cell type in the tumor
d. Antibodies whose antigen does not occur in healthy cells
e. DNA amplification technique

A

c. Your problem may be that the same antigen is expressed by another cell type in the tumor

98
Q

What is the most common eyelid tumor?

a. melanoma
b. lymphoma
c. TCC
d. FISS
e. SCC

A

e. Squamous cell carcinoma

Benign adenomas & melanomas are most common (81%)

99
Q

What does the specificity of a diagnostic test method mean?

a. The test is performed with a special testing device.
b. The test method is suitable for detecting
c. Ability to detect minimal lesions indicative of disease.
d. Fitness to detect the disease.
e. Suitability to exclude the disease.

A

b. The test method is suitable for detecting

100
Q

What does tumor tolerance mean?

a. Gained tolerance, increasing doses of medication required
b. Always innate
c. Occurs only in small doses
d. It also develops when given once
e. It is not a problem in oncology

A

a. Gained tolerance, increasing doses of medication required

101
Q

What is characteristic of melanoma

a. always melanoticus
b. They are usually not melanotic
c. They rarely contain melanin pigments
d. Melanoma cells are typically spindle-shaped
e. It can be both melanotic and amelanotic

A

e. It can be both melanotic and amelanotic

102
Q

In the first study, what percentage showed metastasis to canine osteosarcoma?

a. 1
b. 30
c. 50
d. 15
e. 80

A

b. 30

Obs! 15 (if the question is during the first examination then >15% have detectable mets)

103
Q

How many tumor cells in the lungs can be seen on the x-ray?

a. 10 a 20 - adikon
b. 10 a 6 - adikon
c. 10 a 100 - adikon
d. 10 a 8 - adikon
e. 10 a 10 -adikon

A

d. 10 a 8 - adikon

104
Q

What is true of conjunctival mastocytoma in dogs?

a. Sometimes malignant
b. Benign
c. Practically malignant
d. Minidg melanoticus
e. It can provide metastases to the abdominal lymph nodes

A

c. Practically malignant

105
Q

Which factor does not play a role in individualized therapy
in setting up?

a. Ownership compliance.
b. General condition of the animal.
c. Available therapeutic options.
d. Tumor characteristics.
e. Striving for monotherapy.

A

e. Striving for monotherapy.

106
Q

Which of the following belongs to chemotherapy should be followed Directive

a. Chemotherapy should be initiated at a high dose (so-called initiation therapy) to ensure that the most tumor cells can be killed effectively from the beginning
b. Treatment can be started at any time because of the tolerance of healthy tissues
c. There is no need steroid pretreatment before chemotherapy is recommended
d. The chemotherapy protocol always includes only one type of drug because it does
e. Maximum efficiency is achieved protective equipment is not required for chemotherapeutic treatment, these agents safe for health

A

a. Chemotherapy should be initiated at a high dose (so-called initiation therapy) to ensure that the most tumor cells can be killed effectively from the beginning

107
Q

Mention a variety with melanoma that is
mostly malignant

a. Dwarf poodle/miniature poodle (cocker spaniel, golden retriver, gordon setter)
b. English pointer
c. Russian greyhound
d. Chow-chow
e. Shar-pei

A

a. Dwarf poodle/miniature poodle (cocker spaniel, golden retriver, gordon setter)

108
Q

Which of the following is NOT a chemotherapeutic agent

a. Carboplatin
b. Doxorubicin
c. Amoxicillin
d. Vinblastine
e. Cyclophosphamide

A

c. Amoxicillin

109
Q

In human melanomas, thin skin and the effect of UV light are octagonal factors. What about dogs?

a. In dogs too
b. In dogs in general
c. Genetically yes in dogs but not clinically not in dogs
d. Not genetically in dogs, but clinically yes

A

c. Genetically yes in dogs but not clinically not in dogs

110
Q

To evaluate the needle aspiration cytology of the regional lymph node in canine oral melanomas

a. An excellent diagnostic method for recognizing metastases
b. You can ignore metastases that may be present in the lymph nodes of other lymph centers
c. Sha is not useful
d. Aspiration is dangerous because it causes scattering
e. Histological examination is a better diagnostic option for the recognition of metastases

A

e. Histological examination is a better diagnostic option for the recognition of metastases

111
Q

Which statement is true for breast tumors in dogs?

a. Prophylactic mastectomy can provide a longer survival time in dogs.
b. The tumor should always be removed along with the underlying fascia
c. In the case of multiple cancer, the largest formula should be sent for histopathology
d. Benign tumors may become malignant with growth
e. Multiple forms are rare in dogs.

A

a. Prophylactic mastectomy can provide a longer survival time in dogs.

112
Q

Interpretation of cytological smear based on regional lymph node thin needle aspiration

a. Metastasis: If melanin-containing cells:> 5 cells per smear
b. Metastasis: If melanin-containing cells: 15 cells per smear
c. Metastasis: If melanin-containing cells:> 100 cells per smear
d. Metastasis: If melanin-containing cells:> 20 cells per smear
e. Metastasis: If melanin-containing cells:> 1 cell as a smear

A

a. Metastasis: If melanin-containing cells:> 5 cells per smear

113
Q

What is characteristic of tumor metastasis.

a. No need for angiogenesis
b. Tumor cells are constantly mutated and then detached to invade
c. Blood to metastasize because there is no basal membrane.
d. Malignant tumors always form distant metastases first.
e. Regular invasion is not required for regional metastasis

A

e. Regular invasion is not required for regional metastasis

Oncology past Qs (1 decks)

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