Path 1: Introduction to Animal Pathology

Question 1

What is pathology?

Answer 1

science analyzing molecular, functional, and structural response of cell and tissues to an aggression aiming to understand the process of disease and to reach a diagnosis (I .E. THE SCIENCE THAT STUDIES DISEASE)

Question 2

What is the connection between pathology and clinical medicine

Answer 2

disease diagnosis, drug discovery and development, and research

Question 3

When is pathology most useful?

Answer 3

When it is used as a diagnostic tool

Question 4

What are some tools of a veterinary pathologist?

Answer 4

postmortem examination
histopath
electron microscopy
molecular techniques
immunohistochemistry

Question 5

Define anatomy

Answer 5

shape and structure of organisms

Question 6

Define anatomic relationship

Answer 6

morphologic alterations

Question 7

Define pathogenesis

Answer 7

mechanism of disease

Question 8

Define diagnosis

Answer 8

medical ability to recognize lesions in live or dead animal, understanding etiology and pathogenesis, and establishing recs for treatment and prevention of disease

Question 9

Define necropsy/autopsy

Answer 9

postmortem exam

Question 10

Define lesion

Answer 10

abnormal tissue change

Question 11

Define etiology

Answer 11

cause of disease

Question 12

What are the 2 main disease etiological factors?

Answer 12

determinant factors
predisposing

Question 13

Define determinant factors of disease and what are the 2 main types?

Answer 13

Factor making something happen or leads directly to disease
Intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 14

What are the 3 main extrinsic determinant factors?

Answer 14

Biologic
physical
chemical

Question 15

What etiologic factor are the following:
prions
virus
bacteria
fungi
parasites
humans

Answer 15

Determinant
Extrinsic
Biologic

Question 16

What are the determinant extrinsic biologic factors of disease

Answer 16

prions
virus
bacteria
fungi
parasites
humans

Question 17

What are the determinant extrinsic physical mechanical factors of disease?

Answer 17

Abrasion
Laceration
Puncture
Incision
Perforations
Rupture
Fracture

Question 18

Define abrasion

Answer 18

skin damage with loss of epidermis and some dermis

Question 19

Define laceration

Answer 19

deep cut or tear in skin/flesh

Question 20

Define puncture

Answer 20

penetrating wounds caused by sharp object

Question 21

Define incision

Answer 21

wound created by sharp tool

Question 22

Define perforation

Answer 22

hole that develops through wall of body organ

Question 23

Define rupture

Answer 23

break/tear in any organ or soft tissue

Question 24

Define fracture

Answer 24

crack/break of bone or hard material

Question 25

What are the determinant extrinsic chemical exogenous factors of disease?

Answer 25

Toxins such as mycotoxins, rodenticides, insecticides, and toxic plants Drugs Poisons Meds

Question 26

What are the determinant extrinsic chemical endogenous factors of disease?

Answer 26

metabolites free rads toxicants such as uremia, burns, gangrene

Question 27

Define predisposing factor of disease and what are the 2 main types

Answer 27

Render an individual vulnerable to disease or disorder Intrinsic or extrinsic

Question 28

What are the predisposing intrinsic factors of disease?

Answer 28

species, breed, age, sex, color, idiosyncrasy

Question 29

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for species?

Answer 29

rabbits prone to myxomastitis/poxvirus Horses prone to verminous aneurysm Sheep prone to Osetrus ovis

Question 30

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for breed?

Answer 30

Boxers prone to tumors Holstien cows prone to mastitis

Question 31

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for age?

Answer 31

Young dogs prone to parvo Old dogs prone to benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 32

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for sex?

Answer 32

Females prone to pyometra and mastitis Males prone to testicular tumors

Question 33

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for color?

Answer 33

White animals prone to squamous cell carcinoma of depigmented areas

Question 34

Define idiosyncrasy

Answer 34

structural or behavioral characteristic unique to individual or group

Question 35

What are the predisposing extrinsic factors of disease?

Answer 35

Temperature Nutrition

Question 36

Pertaining to nutrition, there could be ______ or _____ causing disease

Answer 36

Excess or deficiency

Question 37

In what order does an animal accumulate fat?

Answer 37

bone marrow, pericardial groove, peri renal area, abdomen (mesentery), subcut.

Question 38

In what order does an animal lose fat?

Answer 38

subcut, abdomen (mesentery), peri renal area, pericardial groove, bone marrow

Question 39

What are the determinant, extrinsic, physical factors of disease

Answer 39

mechanic, thermal, atmospheric pressure, actinic

Question 40

What are the 3 types of extrinsic determinant factors of disease

Answer 40

biologic, chemical, physical

Question 41

What are the intrinsic determinant factors of disease

Answer 41

genetic abnormalities such as autosomal, linked to sex, dominant, recessive