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Pelicano > Pelicano Module 3 Respiratory > Flashcards

Pelicano Module 3 Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Also considered a nose bleed.

A

epitaxis

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2
Q

What causes an epitaxis

A

Caused by congestion of nasal membranes leading to capillary rupture

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3
Q

Snorting cocaine can lead to

A

epitaxis

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4
Q

PT, PTT are examples of tests for

A

Nosebleeds for clotting abnormalities

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5
Q

epinephrine and ice can cause

A

vasoconstriction

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6
Q

When a resident has a nose bleed what are some things we can suggest

A

place pressure on nasal septum, tilt head FORWARD, apply ice, nasal packing with EPINEPHRINE, cautery (stop bleeding)

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7
Q

A deviated septum causes _____ and is a _____ disorder

A

Snoring

Upper Airway

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8
Q

Abnormal Tissue growths on the nasal tissue are called

A

Nasal Polyps

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9
Q

Allergies can lead to abnormal tissue growths called

A

Polyps

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10
Q

What can be performed to remove Polyps

A

Poleptomy

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11
Q

And repair of nose is called

A

Rhinoplasty

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12
Q

Upper way Obstruction can be caused by

A

Aspiration (vomit/secretions), the tongue, laryngeal spasm of foreign objects

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13
Q

How serious is an Upper Way Obstruction

A

IT IS A MEDICAL EMERGENCY AND SHOULD BE TREATED ASAP

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14
Q

Partial Airway obstruction can lead to

A

gagging, choking, difficulty breathing, can cough and speak

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15
Q

What is a distinct difference of Partial Airway Obstruction vs. Total Obstruction

A

In Total Obstruction Respirations are more labored, patient will shows signs of Cyanosis AND WILL BE UNABLE TO SPEAK

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16
Q

What are some quick Upper Airway Obstruction Nursing Implications

A

Suction patient, Heimlich Maneuver, Throw his/herself over back of chair

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17
Q

After any laryngectomy patients are going to need ________ however total laryngectomy patient will ________

A

speech therapy

never speak on their own

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18
Q

Acute coryza can also be referred to as

A

The common cold

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19
Q

Acute pharyngitis can also be referred to as

A

sore throat

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20
Q

Acute laryngitis can also be referred to as

A

hoarse voice

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21
Q

Whats the best way to treat a hoarse voice

A

Rest voice

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22
Q

What is the best way to treat Sinusitis

A

drain sinus, steam therapy

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23
Q

Acute bronchitis, Legionnaires Disease, Anthrax, Tuberculosis, and Pneumonia are examples of

A

Lower Airway disorder

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24
Q

Deviated septum and Nasal Polyps are examples of

A

Upper Airway Disorder

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25
Q

Acute coryza, pharyngitis, laryngitis, Hoarse voice, Sinusitis, Tonsillitis are examples of

A

Acute Infectious Respiratory Diseases

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26
Q

Inflammation of the trachea, and bronchial tree causes congestion of mucous membranes. This disorder is called

A

Acute Bronchitis

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27
Q

With a resident with Acute Bronchitis how might their secretions be and what should be do to reverse it

A

There secretions will be thick and TENACIOUS

We should force fluids to thin secretions

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28
Q

An example of a bacterial pneumonia that left untreated can be deadly is

A

Legionnaires disease

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29
Q

This disease lives in H2O reservoirs. (Humidifiers, A.C.’s) It causes lung consolidation, Alveolar Necrosis

A

Legionnaires disease

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30
Q

Bacillus Anthracis is also considered as

A

Anthrax

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31
Q

Spread by direct contact with bacteria or its spores, non contagious by person to person contact (Comes from wild and domestic hoofed animals)

A

Anthrax

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32
Q

If anthrax is inhaled it causes a deadly _____

A

pneumonia

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33
Q

What is the difference between TB infection and TB disease

A

In an infection patient had TB antibodies no symptoms

In a disease patient has signs and symptoms

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34
Q

Night sweats, fever, Dry cough initially, then productive of purulent or blood-tinged sputum (Hemoptysis), Anorexia, Weight loss, Fatigue, Are common signs and symptoms of what

A

Tuberculosis

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35
Q

Mantoux test is also referred to as the ____ test

A

PPD test

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36
Q

PPD stands for

A

Purified Protein Derivative

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37
Q

Purified Protein is the antagonist of

A

Tuberculosis

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38
Q

What is the Quantiferon test

A

Blood test for TB, instead of 2 PPD shots

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39
Q

In a PPD test 10mm is _____ below 5mm is ______ and 5-10 requires a _____

A

positive, negative, interview

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40
Q

Pulmonary TB is the most _______ TB

A

severe

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41
Q

DOT program (Direct observational therapy is used to

A

Help compliance

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42
Q

What are some nursing implications or TB

A

Respiratory Isolation, Isolation Precautions, Avoid crowds, Negative air flow, Cover nose and mouth when sneezing

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43
Q

Anything deeper than bronchitis is considered

A

Pneumonia

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44
Q

Inflammation of the respiratory bronchioles & alveoli is called

A

Pneumonia

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45
Q

Difference between infectious Pneumonia, and Non-infectious Pneumonia

A

Infectious is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa

Noninfectious is caused by aspiration, inhalation of toxic gases

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46
Q

Nursing implications for Pneumonia

A

Oxygen therapy, Chest PT, cough and deep breathe, antibiotics, antipyretics

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47
Q

When the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli become inflamed as a result of chronic irritation this is considered

A

COPD - Emphysema

48
Q

In patients with COPD Emphysema the Lumen becomes ______ and air becomes ______ in alveoli during ______

A

Narrow
Trapped
Expiration

49
Q

Patients with Emphysema Retain ___

A

CO2, as they have a hard time getting out of there lungs

50
Q

Copious Sputum is another word for

A

Large amounts of sputum

51
Q

Dyspnea on exertion, Copious Sputum, barrel chest, retractions, weight loss, cough, clubbed fingers are S&S of what

A

COPD - Emphysema

52
Q

common treatments for Emphysema consist of

A

PURSED LIP BREATHING, Chest PT, Oxygen therapy.

53
Q

In Hypercapnic residents and the alveoli gets

A

destroyed

54
Q

When giving O2 therapy there should be no more than _ liters per minute

A

2

55
Q

Nursing implications for Emphysema

A

Encourage Flu shot, elevate HOB, decrease patient anxiety

56
Q

Chronic Bronchitis is considered everything from (Time)

A

3 months - 1 year

57
Q

Productive cough, Dyspnea, Retractions, Cyanosis, RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE are S&S of what

A

Chronic Bronchitis

58
Q

Chronic Bronchitis destroys _____ and is _____ based

A

Cilia, Inflammation

59
Q

Nursing implications of Chronic Bronchitis

A

Mucolytics, INCREASED CALORIE DIET, INCREASED PROTEIN

60
Q

Inflammation means

A

More Mucous

61
Q

Dyspnea, Wheezing, Tachypnea, Retractions, Nasal flaring, anxiety, diaphoresis, productive cough, thick mucous are S&S of

A

Asthma

62
Q

Widespread narrowing of airways caused by inflammation and spasms are considered

A

Asthma

63
Q

Most asthma Symptoms are triggered by an

A

Allergy

64
Q

Muscle tightening in Asthma patients cause

A

Spasms

65
Q

Nursing implications of Asthma

A

Prevent and Minimize symptoms, PEAK FLOW METER, Always have med available, METERED DOSE INHALER (MDI)

66
Q

Peak flow meters should be used daily to

A

Monitor Airway Constriction

67
Q

Permanent dilation of bronchi involving one or more lobes of lung is called

A

Bronchiectasis

68
Q

Bronchiectasis results from _____ pulmonary infections in _______

A

repeated

children

69
Q

Bronchiectasis causes destruction of _______ & ________ components

A

Elastic and Muscular

70
Q

Doctors perform Tracheotomy to

A

insert tube

71
Q

Thoracotomy is opening into

A

thorax, chest

72
Q

Atelectasis is

A

collapse of LUNG TISSUE (PARTIAL)

73
Q

Pnuemothorax is

A

TOTAL collapse of LUNG TISSUE

74
Q

Inflammation of Pleura is called

A

Pleurisy (Pleuritis)

75
Q

Sharp inspiratory pain, dyspnea, cough, PLEURAL FRICTION RUB are S&S of

A

Pleurisy / Empyema

76
Q

Another word for Pleurisy is

A

Empyema

77
Q

When there is Pus there is an

A

infection

78
Q

if plueral effusion is WET and the WET HAS PUSS its called

A

Empyema

79
Q

Dyspnea, Respiratory distress, Air hunger, tachypnea, decreased breathe sounds, fever are S&S of

A

Pleural effusion

80
Q

Nursing implications of Pleural Effusion

A

Thoracentisis, Chest tubes, deep breathing

81
Q

Orthopthnic patients should be placed in _____ position

A

High fowlers

82
Q

Dyspnea, Tachypnea, Wheezing, crackles, are S&S of

A

Pulmonary Edema

83
Q

Nursing implications for Pulmonary Edema

A

Intubation, O2 therapy, Diuretics, Morphine, Vasodilators, Digoxin

84
Q

Common S&S of a Pulmonary Embolism is

A

SOB, Angina

85
Q

Frequent position changes can

A

help loosen secretions

86
Q

Combination of symptoms resulting from direct or indirect injury to lung; complication that results from other disease processes are considered

A

ARDS (Adult respiratory distress syndrome)

87
Q

Syndrome is not a disease it is a

A

group of symptoms

88
Q

Dyspnea, Crackles, Wheezing, Tachycardia, Hypotension, Oliguria are S&S of

A

ARDS

89
Q

Nursing implications of ARDS

A

Treat underlying cause, Digoxin, frequent position changes, ABGs

90
Q

Sudden Repeating Coughing is also considered

A

Paroxysmal

91
Q

Do not cup or clap to loosen secretions when patient has

A

Back injury or hemoptysis

92
Q

When suctioning we might want to

A

Hyper-oxygenate

93
Q

Stoma should be ____ and ____. As well as ____ in color

A

Clear and dry

Pink

94
Q

Trachea should always be

A

Clear

95
Q

Water line should not ______ or there might be a ______

A

bubble

leak

96
Q

When should we measure Pleurovac

A

Beginning of every shift

97
Q

Collection chamber should be

A

Larger draining from PT

98
Q

Suctioning should

A

Bubble, always keep system lower when transporting

99
Q

Hemoptysis means there is

A

blood in sputum, coughing up blood

100
Q

Hoarseness of voice, Dysphagia are common S&S of

A

Laryngeal Cancer

101
Q

Emphysema is directly linked to

A

cigarette smoke

102
Q

Tubercle Basillus is also known as

A

Tuberculosis

103
Q

This complication usually attacks the lungs but may affect other organs. It is caused by ACID-FAST BACTERIUM

A

Tuberculosis

104
Q

This disease is acquired by inhaling a dried droplet of tubercle bacillus dropping into to the lung

A

Tuberculosis

105
Q

Ethnic groups that have a high incidence of TB include people born in _____ countries

A

Asia, Africa, Latin American

106
Q

Aspiration or over-sedation can cause

A

Pneumonia

107
Q

A Nasal cannula provides a ___ concentration of oxygen

A

Low

108
Q

A Oxygen Mask provides a ___ concentration of oxygen

A

high

109
Q

Define Hypoxia

A

Part in the body is deprived of Oxygen

110
Q

Define Hypercapnia

A

Increased CO2 levels

111
Q

What is the purpose of ABG test

A

An arterial blood gas (ABG) test measures the acidity (pH) and the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood from an artery. This test is used to check how well your lungs are able to move oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the blood.

112
Q

What is the purpose of Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)

A

This measures the pressure of oxygen dissolved in the blood and how well oxygen is able to move from the airspace of the lungs into the blood.

113
Q

What is the purpose of Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)

A

This measures the pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood and how well carbon dioxide is able to move out of the body.

114
Q

Define postural drainage

A

Postural drainage is an important way to treat bronchiolitis (swelling and too much mucus in the airways of the lungs). When you do postural drainage, you get into a position that helps drain fluid out of your lungs.

115
Q

What are the symptoms of tonsillitis

A

sore throat, fever, chills, anorexia, enlarged and tender LYMPH NODES

116
Q

Post-op care for laryngectomy

A

Ensuring a stable airway with the tracheostomy is of primary importance. Administering oxygen and effective evacuation of mucous plugs are major concerns. Laryngectomy patients should not receive oxygen via a nasal cannula due to the surgical alteration in their respiratory anatomy. Normally, when air is inhaled through the nose, it is warmed and humidified prior to reaching the lungs. In these patients, this mechanism is no longer intact, since their upper and lower airways are no longer attached. Instead, humidified oxygen is administered via a tracheostomy collar. One or more drains may be present in the postoperative period.

Pelicano (6 decks)

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