People

Question 1

Raffaele Garofalo

Answer 1

First used the term ‘criminology’ in 1885, Italy.

Question 2

Edwin Sutherland

Answer 2

Creator of Differential Association Theory and studied White Collar Crime.

Question 3

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 3

Bellum Omnium Contra Omnes. The war of all against all. Pursuing of selfish interests.

Question 4

Cesare Beccaria

Answer 4

Classical. Of Crimes and Punishments (1764). Certainty, Swiftness, and Proportions of Punishments. “Do you want to prevent crime? See to it that…”

Question 5

Jeremy Bentham

Answer 5

Created the Panopticon. Wrote ‘The Principles of Morals and Legislation’ in 1780.

Question 6

Adolphe Quetelet

Answer 6

Began the study of the ‘social mechanics of crime’. Mapped the relationships between property crimes and personal crimes. 1796-1874.

Question 7

Cesare Lombroso

Answer 7

Believed that the signs of criminality are manifest in bodily characteristics and deformities.

Question 8

Gabriel Tarde

Answer 8

Took issue with the debate between free will and determinism. Wrote ‘Penal Philosophy’ in 1890. Advocated for legal distinctions between men/women, adult/child, 1st time/repeat offenders…

Question 9

Emile Durkheim

Answer 9

‘The division of labor in society ‘ mechanical and organic solidarity. Repressive and Restitutive law.