Peripheral Vascular System- Lecture and Lab Info

Question 1

What pressure is associated with the arterial system?

Answer 1

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 2

What pressure helps on the venous side?

Answer 2

Osmotic pressure (low)
Pressure from proteins (albumin)

Question 3

What are inguinal lymph nodes usually enlarged with?

Answer 3

STDs

Question 4

When would all lymph nodes be enlarged?

Answer 4

AIDS

Question 5

What is the most common symptoms of PAD?

Answer 5

Claudication

Question 6

What are some risk factors for venous conditions?

Answer 6

Pregnancy
Supplemental estrogen
Sitting for a long period of time
Valves

Question 7

What are risk factors for PAD if 50 or under

Answer 7

Diabetes or atherosclerosis risk factor of smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension or hyperhomocysteinemia

Question 8

Who is at risk for PAD at age 70 and older?

Answer 8

Everyone

Question 9

In ages 50 to 69, what are the risk factors for PAD?

Answer 9

history of smoking or diabetes

Question 10

In what condition (besides PAD) can you see an abnormal ABI?

Answer 10

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 11

At what size will a AAA be surgically removed?

Answer 11

5.5 cm

Question 12

What can cause secondary hypertension?

Answer 12

Problems with the renal artery

Question 13

In PAD what malleolus is more likely to be affected?

Answer 13

Lateral

Question 14

In what condition will there be a point of injury and the site of injury will be hot to the touch?

Answer 14

Cellulitis

Question 15

When measuring for edema, the difference between ankles should be no more than…

Answer 15

1 cm

Question 16

When measuring for edema, the difference b/w calfs should be no more than…

Answer 16

2 cm

Question 17

What is a bounding pulse classified as?

Answer 17

3+

Question 18

What is a brisk, expected normal pulse classified as?

Answer 18

2+

Question 19

What is an absent pulse classified as?

Answer 19

0

Question 20

What is a diminished, weaker than normal pulse classified as?

Answer 20

1+

Question 21

What are the ROS for peripheral vascular system?

Answer 21

lower extremity edema, claudication, skin changes suggestive of venous or arterial insufficiency

Question 22

What is malignant hypertension?

Answer 22

Hypertensive emergency of when there is progressive end organ changes

Question 23

What would constitute a screen for renal artery disease if <30

Answer 23

Hypertension

Question 24

What conditions are suspicious for renal artery disease?

Answer 24

Accelerated, resistant, or malignant hypertension
Worsening of renal function or worsening after use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
unexplained small kidney
sudden unexplained pulmonary edema

Question 25

What are some risk factors for a AAA?

Answer 25

``` Age 65 or older Family history CAD, PAD hypertension Hyperlipidemia ```

Question 26

Who gets a one time screening for a AAA?

Answer 26

Men aged 65-75 with history of having ever smoked

Question 27

What would be an abnormal result on an abdominojugular reflux test?

Answer 27

sustained rise of blood in jugular column

Question 28

What does the Allen test check?

Answer 28

Radial and Ulnar artery patency

Question 29

What is pulse pressure?

Answer 29

Systolic- diastolic

Question 30

What should pulse pressure be?

Answer 30

30-40 mm Hg

Question 31

What causes a diminished PP

Answer 31

Decreased stroke volume Heart failure Hypovolemia Severe aortic stenosis

Question 32

What causes an increased pulse pressure?

Answer 32

``` Increased stroke volume: exercise, fever, anemia, hyperthyroid Decreased compliance (aging, atherosclerosis) ```

Question 33

What type patient will you find sacral edema in?

Answer 33

Bed bound

Question 34

What type pain has a tendency to radiate down?

Answer 34

Neurological

Question 35

What pressure do jugular vein pulsations reflect?

Answer 35

Right atrium

Question 36

JVP increases with....

Answer 36

Inspiration

Question 37

Which internal jugular vein is often easiest to see?

Answer 37

Right

Question 38

What is a positive result for HJR?

Answer 38

>4 cm

Question 39

Which pulse should you auscultation before you palpate? Why?

Answer 39

Carotid, detect presence of bruits

Question 40

What causes pitting edema?

Answer 40

Loss of intravascular oncotic pressure

Question 41

What causes lymphedema

Answer 41

Lymph channel obstruction due to tumor, inflammation, lymph node dissection or radiation

Question 42

How do you perform the Abdominojugular (aka hepatojugular) reflux test?

Answer 42

10-15 seconds of steady pressure w/ heel of hand on RUQ below costal margin Observe for rise of blood column in jugular Abnormal= sustained rise

Question 43

What is Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to?

Answer 43

Collagen disease

Question 44

What type bacterial is lymphangitis caused by?

Answer 44

Strep