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BECOM II Exam 5 > Peterson - Hypothalamus > Flashcards

Flashcards in Peterson - Hypothalamus Deck (12)
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1
Q

what does the hypothalamus connect with?

A
  1. limbic system (emotions)
  2. pituitary gland (endocrine)
  3. visceral and somatic nuclei (motor and sensory)
2
Q

paraventricular zone

A
  • suprachiasmatic nuclei –> circadian rhythm

- arcuate nuclei –> feeding behavior

3
Q

medial zone

A
  • supraoptic nucleus –> secrete ADH
  • medial preoptic nucleus –> sexual behavior, thermoregulation
  • anterior nucleus –> cooling, parasympathetic
  • periventricular nucleus –> secrete oxytocin
  • dorsomedial nucleus
  • ventromedial nucleus –> satiety
  • posterior nuclei –> heating, sympathetic
  • mammillary body
4
Q

lateral zone

A
  • lateral nucleus
  • lateral preoptic nucleus –> sleeping
  • lateral tuberal nucleus –> feeding
  • tuberomammillary nucleus –> sleep-wake cycle
5
Q

sensory neurons in the hypothalamus

A

detect

  • temp of hypothalamus
  • blood osmolality
  • glucose concentration
  • hormone concentration
6
Q

which efferent fibers are not seen in the afferent fibers?

A
  • mammillothalamic and mammillotegmental tract

- pituitary gland

7
Q

role of arcuate nucleus

A

contain parvocellular neurons that trigger release of hormones in median eminence of hypothalamus
-travel down blood to release hormones from anterior pituitary

8
Q

hypothalamus - temp regulation

A

set point - 37C - detected by neurons in medial preoptic nucleus

  • cold receptors –> constrict blood vessels 1st –> piloerection, shivering, increase BMR, voluntary 2nd
  • heat receptors –> dilate blood vessels 1st –> sweating and voluntary 2nd
9
Q

hypothalamus - cardiovascular regulation

A

sense decrease in water loss –> decrease in BP and volume

  • low blood volume/pressure –> baroreceptors –> CNX –> solitary tract nucleus
  • increased osmolality –> osmoreceptors in vascular organ of lamina terminals detects osmolality
  • decreased blood flow –> increase angII –> subfornical organ detects the decrease in blood flow
10
Q

where do inputs of hypothalamus go for cardiovascular regulation?

A

inputs –> medial preoptic nucleus –> ADH release from supraoptic nuclei

11
Q

hypothalamus - feeding regulation

A
  1. ventromedial nucleus - rage and satiety; lesion –> obese (increased appetite)
  2. lateral hypothalamic area - signals you to eat; lesion –> do not eat (decreased appetite)
  3. arcuate nucleus - stomach distention, glucose levels, peptide hormones, receptors for ghrelin and leptin
12
Q

Prader willi syndrome

A

genetic - chromosome 15 deletion

  • paternally expressed, maternally imprinted
  • affected by defect in ventromedial nuclei