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Flashcards in Pharm Deck (34)
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1
Q

What are HAM side effects?

A

antiHistamine, antiAdrenergic, antiMuscarinic

2
Q

What are symptoms of antiHistamine side effects (2)?

A

sedation and weight gain

3
Q

What is a symptom of antiAdrenergic side effect?

A

hypOtension

4
Q

What are symptoms of antiHistamine side effects (3)?

A

dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention

5
Q

When do you find HAM side effects?

A

TCAs and low potency antipsychotics

6
Q

TCAS and low potency antipsychotics have what type of side effects?

A

HAM side effects
H –> sedation and weight gain
A –> hypOtension
M –> dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention

7
Q

Symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

A

Confusion, flushing, diaphoresis, tremor, myoclonic jerks, hyperthermia, hypertonicity, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, and death

8
Q

What is the drug of choice to treat extrapyramidal symptoms produced by neuroleptics?

A

Benztropine

9
Q

What does tardive dyskinesia look like?

A

characteristic grimacing and tongue protrusion

10
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia and when is it seen?

A

Choreoathetoid muscle movements, usually of the mouth and tongue. Occurs after YEARS of antipsychotic use (esp high-potency typic antipsychotics)

11
Q

Is tardive dyskinesia reversible?

A

NO, tardive dyskinesia is IRREVERSIBLE

12
Q

What drugs induce tardive dykinesia and how long does it take to develop?

A

Dev after YEARS of of antipsychotic use (esp high-potency typic antipsychotics)

13
Q

Name 3 CNS stimulants

A

Methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine

14
Q

What is the mechanism of CNS stimulants?

A

Increases catecholamines in the synaptic cleft, esp NE and dopamine

15
Q

What are the uses for CNS stimulant medications (MDM)?

A

ADHD, narcolepsy, apetite control

16
Q

Name 3 high potency antipsychotics

A

Trifluperazine, Fluphenazine, Haloperidol

Try to Fly HIGH

17
Q

Name 2 low potency antipsychotics

A

Chlorpromazine and Thioridazine

Cheating Theives are LOW

18
Q

What are the symptoms for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

A
"FEVER"
Fever
Encephalopathy
Vitals unstable (tachy, HTN)
Enzymes inc (inc CPK)
Rigidity of muscles ("lead pipe")
(+ myoglobinuria, tremors, and autonomic instability)
19
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome can be caused by what medications and in what duration of use?

A

Can be caused by ALL antipsychotics after short or long duration of use (inc chance w/ high-potency traditional antipsychotics)

20
Q

Treatments for neuroleptic malignant syndrome are (2)?

A

Dantrolene or D2 agonists (ie bromocriptine)

21
Q

Dantrolene or D2 agonists (ie bromocriptine) can be used to treat what syndrome?

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

22
Q

Serotonin occurs when?

A

Occurs when there is too much serotonin, classically when SSRIs and MAOIs are combined

23
Q

Treatment for serotonin syndrome?

A

Stop drugs causing it

24
Q

HTN crisis is caused by what?

A

Caused by a buildup of stored catecholamines. Ex: MAOIs w/ foods w/ tyramine or sympathomimetics

25
Q

MAOIs + tyramine or sympathomimetics –> ?

A

HTN crisis

26
Q

MAOIs + ? (2) –> HTN crisis

A

Tyramine foods or sympathomimetics

27
Q

Tyramine food examples are

A

red wine, cheese, chicken liver, cured meats, soy sauce, sauerkraut

28
Q

Acute dystonia is characterized by what movement?

A

Acute dystonia is usually characterized by twisting and abnormal postures

29
Q

twisting and abnormal postures = ?

A

acute dystonia

30
Q

grimacing and tongue protrusion = ?

A

tardive dyskinesia

31
Q

choreoathetoid movements, often of tongue or mouth = ?

A

tardive dyskinesia

32
Q

Akathisia is characterized by what?

A

Akathisia is characterized by the inability to sit still – feels need to move

33
Q

Feeling of need to move = ?

A

Akathisia

34
Q

Bradykinesia is characterized by what movement?

A

Bradykinesia is characterized by decreased or slow body movements.