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neurological system > pharm - analgesics > Flashcards

pharm - analgesics Flashcards

1
Q

The currently accepted action of paracetamol as an antipyretic is that it:
A. Acts at GABA(B) receptors
B. Acts at mu (μ) receptors
C. Acts on the peripheral nervous system
D. Inhibits prostaglandins in the hypothalamus
E. Reduces histamine release

A

D. Inhibits prostaglandins in the hypothalamus

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2
Q

how are amides local anaesthesia metabolised?

A

CYP450 enzymes in liver

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3
Q

how are ester local anaesthesia metabolised?

A

tissue-associated esterases

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4
Q

does amide or ester LA have longer duration of action?

A

amides

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5
Q

name 2 amide drugs for LA

A

bupivacaine
lidocaine

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6
Q

name one ester drug for LA

A

tetracaine

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7
Q

overdose of which drug is associated with salicylism?

A

aspirin

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8
Q

irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2

A

aspirin

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9
Q

what is MOA of meloxicam?

A

selective COX-2 inhibitor

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10
Q

what is the MOA of diclofenac and ibuprofen?

A

non-selective COX inhibitor

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11
Q

Binds to nuclear glucocorticoid receptor to inhibit phospholipase A2
what type of drug?

A

steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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12
Q

name two examples of SAIDs

A

Dexamethasone
Prednisolone

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13
Q

what SAID can cause dysphonia (croaky voice)?

A

fluticasone

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14
Q

what is Azathioprine indicated in and what is its MOA?

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis
MOA: purine analogue –> impair lymphocyte proliferation

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15
Q

what drug competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase?

A

methotrexate

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16
Q

what is the MOA of Sulfasalazine?

A

reduce cytokine production

17
Q

what is allopurinol indicated in?

A

gout

18
Q

what is the MOA of allopurinol?

A

converted to alloxanthine by xanthine oxidase

alloxanthine is a non-competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase –> prevent production of uric acid from hypoxanthine and xanthine

19
Q

what is the MOA of probenecid?

A

increase uric acid excretion by blocking reabsorption

20
Q

what drug binds to tubulin and prevent polymerisation and is indicated in gout?

A

Colchicine

21
Q

what is Naloxone and what is it indicated in?

A

competitive mu-receptor antagonist
treat life-threatening side effects of opioid overdose (eg. respiratory depression)

22
Q

what is the pro-drug of morphine called?

A

codeine (weak opioid)

23
Q

does loperamide have analgesic effect?

A

no

24
Q

what is the MOA of tramadol?

A

Inhibits NA and 5-HT (serotonin) reuptake and weak mu-receptor agonist

neurological system (9 decks)

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