Flashcards in Pharm I Antihypertensive Pt. 1 Deck (14)
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1
What follows sodium in the progression of opening of ion channels?
Calcium
2
most potent vasoconstrictor produced by the body
Angiotensin II
3
The A.H.A., along with the A.C.P, recommends that patients with systolic BP averaging _____ and and/or diastolic BP of ____ should receive antihypertensive drugs (if lifestyle changes do not normalize BP)
140 to 159 mm Hg and 90 to 94 mm Hg
4
The A.H.A. recommends that when target organ damage or other risk factors are present, or when the systolic BP is ____ and/or diastolic BP is _____ drug therapy should not be deferred while assessing the patient’s response to lifestyle modifications.
≥160 mm Hg and ≥ 100 mm Hg
5
9 categories of antihypertensive drugs
diuretics, beta blockers, alpha blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, centrally acting agents, direct vasodilators, renin antagonists
6
Diuretics may be classified as falling into one of the following groups:
Potassium sparing and potassium wasting (or combination of the 2)
7
2 types of potassium wasting diuretics
Thiazides (and thiazide related diuretics); loop diuretics
8
Which diuretics increase sodium and water excretion into the urine by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the cortical thick ascending limb and the early distal tubule?
Thiazides
9
Thiazide diuretics can also cause two important minerals to be reabsorbed by the proximal tubule in increased amounts
Calcium and uric acid
10
Use of thiazide diuretics can result in an increase in
serum levels of both calcium and uric acid
11
Thiazide diuretics are best used for
initial treatment of mild hypertension particular in the setting of chronic edema
12
How are thiazide diuretics typically administered and why?
Orally; well absorbed by the gut
13
Most notable side effects of thiazide diuretics
hypotension, weakness, dizziness, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia, glucose intolerance, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.
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