pharynx and larynx Flashcards Preview

sensory > pharynx and larynx > Flashcards

Flashcards in pharynx and larynx Deck (30)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

highest point of pharynx

A

base of skull

superior constrictor attaches to the base of the skull

2
Q

where do all constrictor muscles attach

A

posteriorly at the pharyngeal raphe

3
Q

what stabilises the constrictor muscles

A

longitudinal muscles

  • stylopharyngeus
  • palatinopharyngeus
  • salpingopharygneus
4
Q

where does the superior constrictor attach

A

pterygomandibular raphe and base of the skull

5
Q

where does the middle constrictor attach

A
stylohyoid ligament (lower portion)
lesser horn and greater horn of hyoid bone
6
Q

where does the inferior constrictor attach

A

oblique line on the thyroid cartilage
sits on fascia of cricothyroid muscles
cricothyroid cartilage

7
Q

what fascia stabilises the constrictor muscles

A

pharyngobasilar fascia

- sits between the constrictor muscles and the mucosa

8
Q

what runs between the superior and middle constrictor muscle

A
  • lingual artery as it comes off the ECA
  • hypoglossal nerve
  • glossopharyngeal nerve
  • lingual nerve
9
Q

what runs in the same plain as the superior constrictor

A

buccinator muscle

  • border between the two is the pterygomandibular raphe
10
Q

what structures pass between the middle and inferior constrictor muscles

A
  • internal laryngeal vessel and neves
11
Q

pharyngeal tonsil and clinical importance

A

sits at the roof of the nasopharynx

  • common in children to get inflamed and block the nasal cavity from the back e.g. Eustachian tube = middle ear infection
12
Q

where does the palatine tonsil sit

not in terms of arches

A

border between oropharynx and oral cavity

13
Q

why is it important to have the posterior aspect of the nasal cavity open

A

because this is where the Eustachian tube opens

14
Q

what innervates the sensory of the nasopharynx

A

V2

15
Q

what innervates the sensory of the oropharynx

A

glossopharyngeal

16
Q

what innervates the sensory of the laryngopharynx

A

vagus

17
Q

pharyngeal plexus

A
  • formed by glossopharyngeal and vagus

- motor supply

18
Q

what level does cricoid cartilage sit at

A

C6

19
Q

another name for Adams apple

A

laryngeal prominence

20
Q

arytenoid cartilage

A

sits on top of cricoid cartilage

important in keeping us alive and breathing

21
Q

cricothyroid ligament

A

sits between thyroid and cricothyroid cartilage

its upper border is thicker forming the vocal ligament
-important in allowing us to make noise

22
Q

false vocal cord

A

= vestibular ligament

is the thickening in the lower portion of the quadrangular membrane (between epiglottis and thyroid cartilage)

23
Q

true ligament vs false ligament

A

true = vocal ligament (cricothyroid ligament)

          - runs from thyroid to arytenoid cartilage
          - sits closest to the midline

false = vestibular ligament (quadrangular ligament)
-runs from thyroid to arytenoid cartilage

24
Q

if a patient comes in saying they had fish bones for dinner and know can feel it stuck in their throat, where are the bones most likely to be?

A

The piriform recess

-lies lateral to the aryepiglottic fold

25
Q

posterior cricoid-arytenoid and innervation

A

only muscle which abducts the vocal ligaments (opens airways)
- innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve

26
Q

what is the blood supply in the larynx, above the vocal cords?

A

superior laryngeal artery (superior thyroid artery)

27
Q

what is the blood supply in the larynx, below the vocal cords?

A

inferior laryngeal artery (inferior thyroid artery)

28
Q

sensory innervation above ad below the vocal cord

A

above = superior laryngeal nerve

below = recurrent laryngeal nerve

29
Q

which innervates muscle of the larynx

A

vagus –> recurrent laryngeal nerve

30
Q

most important muscle and why

A

posterior cricoid-arytenoid

  • abducts the vocal ligament
  • innervated by recurrent laryngeal