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PRELIMS > PHCT - Module 1 > Flashcards

PHCT - Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Maimonides

A

Moses ben Maimon

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2
Q

a treatise on the treatment of poisonings from insects, snakes, and mad dogs

A

Poisons and Antidotes (1198)

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2
Q

a treatise on the treatment of poisonings from insects, snakes, and mad dogs

A

Poisons and Antidotes (1198)

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3
Q

Chinese Arrow Poison

A

Aconite

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4
Q

Wrote on the subject of bioavailability, noting that milk, butter, and cream could delay intestinal absorption.

A

Maimonides

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5
Q

Poison/Antidote

A

Opium

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6
Q

Paracelsus full name

A

Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim

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7
Q

the dose makes the poison.

A

Toxicon

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8
Q

Considered to be the modern father of toxicology

A

Mathieu Orfila

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9
Q

1 of the poisons in use “is arsenic”
Contribution: Treate de poisons
1st attempt at a systematic correlation between chemical and biological information of known poison.
Autopsy

A

Mathieu Orfila

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10
Q

forced to drink Hemlock

A

Socrates

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11
Q

took poison hidden in his pen for suicide

A

Demosthenes

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12
Q

Use of Muscarine and Nicotine
Lithium - Eskalith

A

biomedical

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13
Q

Half-life of lead

A

2 months

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14
Q

The project focused on identifying and analyzing alternative transportation measures for Metro Manila that would reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve air quality and public health.

A

Integrated Environmental Strategies(IES)

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15
Q

Three Main Professional Activities:

A

Descriptive, Mechanistic, Regulatory Toxicology

16
Q

Hybrid of analytic chemistry and fundamental toxicological principles

It is concerned with the medico-legal aspects of the harmful effects of chemicals on humans.

A

Forensic Toxicology

17
Q

Deals within the realm of medical science concerned with disease caused by, or uniquely associated with toxic substances.

Clinical toxicologists develop antidotes and treatment regimens for ameliorating poisoning and xenobiotic injury.

A

Clinical Toxicology

18
Q

focuses on the impacts of chemical pollutants found in the environment on biological organisms.

Studies chemicals that are contaminants of food, water, soil, or the air.

A

Environmental Toxicology

19
Q

Deals with the chemicals found in the workplace.

The major emphasis of occupational toxicology is to identify the agents of concern, define the conditions leading to their safe use, and prevent the absorption of harmful amounts.

A

Occupational Toxicology

20
Q

an abnormal, undesirable, or harmful effect on the well-being that is indicated by some measurable endpoints such as mortality, food consumption, body and organ weights, enzyme levels or pathologic findings.

A

Adverse Effects

21
Q

chromosomal breakage resulting in rearrangement of pieces of chromosomes

The loss, addition, or rearrangement of chromosomes

Can be associated with various chronic inflammatory disorders

A

Clastogenesis

22
Q

chemicals with molecular weights of less than 1000 and generally react with endogenous carrier molecules to become antigens before they exhibit immunogenicity

A

Haptens

23
Q

process by which the genetic information of an organism is changed, resulting in a mutation and subsequent transmission during cell division Heritable changes in genetic material that are limited to the effects on the nucleic acid.

A

Mutagenesis

24
Q

refers to an injury produced by a chemical to one kind of living matter without harming some other kind, even though the two may have been an intimate contact

A

Selective Toxicity

25
Q

study of malformations induced during development from conception to birth.

A

Teratology

26
Q

synonymous with harmful in regard to the effects of chemicals.

A

Toxic

27
Q

relative term used in comparing one chemical with another. A relative property of a chemical referring to the harmful effects of the latter on some biologic mechanisms

A

Toxicity

28
Q

expected frequency of a particular untoward effect in response to a particular agent

A

Risk

29
Q

amount of exposure to a given agent that is deemed safe for a period of time

A

Threshold Limit Value (TLV)

30
Q

determination of the ability of agents to produce tumors

A

Carcinogenicity

31
Q

quantity of medicine that can kill an organism

A

Lethal/Fatal Dose

32
Q

Toxicity associated with any chemical substance.

A

Intoxication

33
Q

A clinical toxicity secondary to accidental exposure

A

Poisoning

34
Q

An intentional exposure with the intent of causing self-injury or death.

A

Overdose

35
Q

Are drugs that have almost exclusively harmful effects.

A

Poisons

36
Q

Refers to toxic substances produced naturally.

A

Toxin

PRELIMS (13 decks)

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