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Physics Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a force?

A

A force is a push or pull that can cause an object to accelerate.

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2
Q

What is the unit of force in the SI system?

A

The unit of force is the Newton (N).

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3
Q

True or False: Forces can only be contact forces.

A

False.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The gravitational force between two objects depends on their _____ and the distance between them.

A

mass

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5
Q

What is Newton’s First Law of Motion?

A

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net external force.

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6
Q

What is the formula for calculating weight?

A

Weight = mass × gravitational field strength (W = mg).

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7
Q

What does the term ‘net force’ refer to?

A

The net force is the vector sum of all the forces acting on an object.

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8
Q

What is the acceleration of an object if the net force acting on it is 0?

A

The acceleration is 0.

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9
Q

True or False: Friction always opposes motion.

A

True.

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10
Q

What is the difference between static and kinetic friction?

A

Static friction acts on objects at rest, while kinetic friction acts on moving objects.

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11
Q

What is the formula for calculating acceleration?

A

Acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The force of gravity acting on an object is also known as its _____ .

A

weight

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13
Q

What is the relationship between mass and weight?

A

Weight is mass multiplied by gravitational field strength.

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14
Q

What is the gravitational field strength on Earth?

A

Approximately 9.81 N/kg.

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15
Q

What is the principle of moments?

A

For an object in equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments about a pivot equals the sum of anticlockwise moments.

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16
Q

True or False: An unbalanced force is required to change the motion of an object.

A

True.

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17
Q

What is air resistance?

A

Air resistance is a type of friction that acts against the motion of objects moving through air.

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18
Q

What happens to the acceleration of an object as mass increases if the same force is applied?

A

The acceleration decreases.

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The point where an object’s mass can be considered to act is called its _____ .

A

center of mass

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20
Q

What is Hooke’s Law?

A

Hooke’s Law states that the force needed to extend or compress a spring is proportional to the distance it is stretched or compressed.

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21
Q

What is the formula for Hooke’s Law?

A

F = kx, where F is the force, k is the spring constant, and x is the extension.

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22
Q

True or False: When an object reaches terminal velocity, the forces acting on it are balanced.

A

True.

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23
Q

What is the role of a resultant force?

A

The resultant force determines the acceleration of an object.

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24
Q

What is inertia?

A

Inertia is the resistance of an object to any change in its state of motion.

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25
What is a balanced force?
Balanced forces are equal in size and opposite in direction, resulting in no change in motion.
26
Fill in the blank: The force that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid is called _____ .
drag
27
What is the effect of increasing the surface area of an object on air resistance?
Increasing the surface area increases air resistance.
28
What is the concept of momentum?
Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity.
29
What is the formula for momentum?
p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.
30
True or False: Momentum is a scalar quantity.
False.
31
What is the law of conservation of momentum?
The total momentum of an isolated system remains constant if no external forces act on it.
32
What happens to the forces during a collision?
During a collision, forces are equal and opposite according to Newton's Third Law.
33
Fill in the blank: The maximum speed of a falling object is called _____ .
terminal velocity
34
What is the effect of mass on terminal velocity?
A greater mass results in a higher terminal velocity.
35
What is the spring constant?
The spring constant is a measure of a spring's stiffness.
36
What does a larger spring constant indicate?
A larger spring constant indicates a stiffer spring.
37
What is the relationship between force and acceleration?
Force is directly proportional to acceleration (F = ma).
38
True or False: An object with a greater mass requires a greater force to achieve the same acceleration as a lighter object.
True.
39
What is friction?
Friction is the force that opposes the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, or material elements sliding against each other.
40
Fill in the blank: The force required to overcome static friction is _____ than that needed to overcome kinetic friction.
greater
41
What is the role of a free body diagram?
A free body diagram visually represents all the forces acting on an object.
42
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is the quantity of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity acting on that mass.
43
What is the gravitational force formula?
F = G(m1*m2)/r^2, where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses, and r is the distance between the centers of the two masses.
44
True or False: Gravitational force is always attractive.
True.
45
What is the purpose of a pulley?
A pulley is used to change the direction of a force and can also provide a mechanical advantage.
46
Fill in the blank: The force exerted by a spring when stretched is _____ .
restorative
47
What is the effect of increasing the angle of incline on the force of friction?
Increasing the angle of incline generally decreases the normal force, which can reduce the force of friction.
48
What is a vector quantity?
A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction.
49
Fill in the blank: The gravitational force between two objects decreases as the _____ between them increases.
distance
50
What is the definition of contact forces?
Contact forces are forces that occur when two objects are in physical contact with each other.
51
What is the role of tension in a rope?
Tension is the pulling force transmitted along the rope when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends.
52
True or False: The direction of friction is always opposite to the direction of motion.
True.
53
What is the role of a lever?
A lever is a simple machine that amplifies an input force to lift or move a load.
54
Fill in the blank: The point at which an object can be balanced is called its _____ .
pivot
55
What is the effect of surface roughness on friction?
Rougher surfaces generally increase friction.
56
What happens to the acceleration if the mass is doubled while keeping the force constant?
The acceleration is halved.
57
What is the definition of gravitational potential energy?
Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its height above the ground.
58
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
GPE = mgh, where m is mass, g is gravitational field strength, and h is height.
59
Fill in the blank: The force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth is called _____ .
gravity
60
What is the effect of friction on the motion of an object?
Friction slows down the motion of an object.
61
True or False: The larger the surface area of contact, the greater the frictional force.
False.
62
What is a non-contact force?
A non-contact force is a force that acts at a distance without physical contact, such as gravitational or magnetic forces.
63
What is the effect of increasing speed on air resistance?
Increasing speed increases air resistance.
64
Fill in the blank: The force required to maintain constant velocity is equal to the _____ of the opposing forces.
sum
65
What is the formula for calculating the resultant force when two forces are acting in the same direction?
Resultant force = F1 + F2.
66
True or False: An object's weight can change depending on its location.
True.
67
What is the relationship between force and acceleration in Newton's Second Law?
Force is directly proportional to acceleration.
68
What happens to the motion of an object if the net force is not zero?
The object will accelerate in the direction of the net force.
69
Fill in the blank: The force of friction is affected by the _____ of the surfaces in contact.
nature
70
What is the definition of a free body diagram?
A free body diagram is a graphical representation of all the forces acting on an object.
71
What is the definition of terminal velocity?
Terminal velocity is the maximum velocity an object reaches when falling through a fluid, where the force of gravity is balanced by drag.
72
What happens to gravitational potential energy as an object falls?
Gravitational potential energy decreases as the object falls.
73
Fill in the blank: The force that pulls objects towards each other due to their masses is called _____ .
gravity
74
What is the purpose of friction in everyday life?
Friction allows us to walk without slipping and enables cars to grip the road.
75
True or False: The force of gravity is stronger on the Moon than on Earth.
False.
76
What is the effect of doubling the force applied to an object on its acceleration?
The acceleration will also double.
77
Fill in the blank: The measure of how much an object resists acceleration is known as its _____ .
mass
78
What is the significance of a spring's extension in Hooke's Law?
The extension is directly proportional to the force applied, as long as the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.
79
What is the definition of a mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage is the ratio of the output force to the input force in a machine.
80
What is the effect of a larger lever arm on the force required to lift a load?
A larger lever arm reduces the force required to lift the load.
81
Fill in the blank: The force that opposes motion when two surfaces are in contact is called _____ .
friction
82
What is the effect of reducing the angle of incline on the force of gravity acting on an object?
Reducing the angle of incline decreases the component of gravitational force acting down the slope.
83
What is the definition of net force?
Net force is the overall force acting on an object after all the forces are combined.
84
True or False: The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass.
True.
85
What is the role of gravity in the motion of celestial bodies?
Gravity keeps celestial bodies in orbit and governs their motion.
86
Fill in the blank: The force that causes an object to rotate around a pivot is called _____ .
torque

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