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PHYSICS AQA > Physics random > Flashcards

Physics random Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

What is the unit of energy?

A

Joule (J)

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2
Q

True or False: Power is the rate of doing work.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The formula for calculating kinetic energy is ____.

A

KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

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4
Q

What does the symbol ‘m’ represent in the equation for gravitational potential energy?

A

Mass

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5
Q

Calculate the gravitational potential energy of a 5 kg object at a height of 10 m. (Use g = 9.8 m/s²)

A

490 Joules

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6
Q

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

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7
Q

Define the term ‘efficiency’ in physics.

A

Efficiency is the ratio of useful energy output to total energy input, expressed as a percentage.

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8
Q

True or False: A machine that is 100% efficient converts all input energy into useful work.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the formula for calculating power?

A

Power = Work done / Time taken

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10
Q

In which unit is power measured?

A

Watt (W)

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The energy transferred when a force moves an object is called ____.

A

Work

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12
Q

What is the definition of work done?

A

Work done is the product of the force applied and the distance moved in the direction of the force.

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13
Q

Calculate the work done when a force of 20 N moves an object 5 m in the direction of the force.

A

100 Joules

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14
Q

Name the three forms of energy.

A

Kinetic, potential, and thermal energy.

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15
Q

What is the SI unit of mass?

A

Kilogram (kg)

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16
Q

True or False: An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

A

True

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17
Q

What is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration according to Newton’s second law?

A

Force = Mass * Acceleration (F = m * a)

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The total energy in a closed system remains constant, according to the law of ____.

A

Conservation of energy

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19
Q

What is the formula for calculating gravitational potential energy?

A

GPE = m * g * h

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20
Q

Calculate the power if 200 Joules of work is done in 10 seconds.

A

20 Watts

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21
Q

What does ‘g’ represent in the gravitational potential energy formula?

A

Acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²)

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22
Q

True or False: The efficiency of a machine can exceed 100%.

A

False

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23
Q

What is the formula for calculating efficiency?

A

Efficiency = (Useful energy output / Total energy input) * 100%

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24
Q

Define kinetic energy.

A

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.

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25
What happens to the kinetic energy of an object if its speed doubles?
The kinetic energy increases by a factor of four.
26
Fill in the blank: The energy stored in an object due to its position is called ____ energy.
Potential
27
28
29
What is the formula for calculating density?
Density = Mass / Volume
30
True or False: An object with a density greater than water will float.
False
31
Fill in the blank: The unit of energy in the SI system is _____
Joule
32
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
33
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is a scalar quantity, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes direction.
34
How do you calculate the work done on an object?
Work = Force x Distance x cos(θ)
35
What does the term 'kinetic energy' refer to?
The energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
36
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
Kinetic Energy = 0.5 x Mass x Velocity^2
37
True or False: Potential energy is energy stored due to an object's position.
True
38
What is gravitational potential energy dependent on?
Mass, height, and the gravitational field strength.
39
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
Potential Energy = Mass x Gravitational Field Strength x Height
40
Fill in the blank: The unit of force in the SI system is _____
Newton
41
What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net external force.
42
What does the term 'momentum' refer to?
The quantity of motion an object has, calculated as mass times velocity.
43
How is momentum calculated?
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
44
True or False: Energy is a vector quantity.
False
45
What is the principle of moments?
For an object in equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments about a point equals the sum of counterclockwise moments about that same point.
46
What is the formula for pressure?
Pressure = Force / Area
47
Fill in the blank: The unit of pressure in the SI system is _____
Pascal
48
What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy?
As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of particles increases.
49
What is thermal conduction?
The transfer of heat through a material without the movement of the material itself.
50
What is convection?
The transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).
51
True or False: Radiation can occur in a vacuum.
True
52
What is the main source of energy for the Earth?
The Sun
53
What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources?
Renewable energy can be replenished naturally, while non-renewable energy cannot be replaced once used.
54
Fill in the blank: The process of converting a solid directly to a gas is called _____
Sublimation
55
What is the specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
56
How is specific heat capacity calculated?
Specific Heat Capacity = Energy / (Mass x Temperature Change)
57
What is the formula for calculating efficiency?
Efficiency = (Useful Energy Output / Total Energy Input) x 100%
58
True or False: A machine with 100% efficiency is possible.
False
59
What is the definition of work done in physics?
Work done is defined as the energy transferred when a force is applied to an object over a distance.
60
What is the unit of measurement for power?
Watt
61
How is power calculated?
Power = Work Done / Time Taken
62
Fill in the blank: The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of _____.
Reflection
63
What is refraction?
The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in speed.
64
What is the critical angle?
The angle of incidence above which total internal reflection occurs.
65
What is the formula for calculating the index of refraction?
Index of Refraction = Sin(angle of incidence) / Sin(angle of refraction)
66
True or False: Sound travels faster in air than in water.
False
67
What is the Doppler effect?
The change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source.
68
What is the formula for calculating frequency?
Frequency = 1 / Period
69
Fill in the blank: The unit of frequency is _____
Hertz
70
What is the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?
Transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of travel, while longitudinal waves oscillate parallel to the direction of travel.
71
What is the wavelength of a wave?
The distance between two consecutive crests or troughs of a wave.
72
How do you calculate wave speed?
Wave Speed = Frequency x Wavelength
73
What is the principle of superposition?
When two or more waves overlap, the resultant wave is the sum of the individual waves.
74
What is a standing wave?
A wave that remains in a constant position, typically formed by the interference of two waves traveling in opposite directions.
75
True or False: Light can be polarized.
True
76
What is the photoelectric effect?
The emission of electrons from a material when it absorbs light or electromagnetic radiation.
77
What is the difference between reflection and absorption?
Reflection is when light bounces off a surface, while absorption is when light is taken in by a material.

PHYSICS AQA (2 decks)

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