Physics1 7I Energy

Question 1

balanced diet

Answer 1

Eating a variety of foods to provide all the things the body needs.

Question 2

diet

Answer 2

The food that you eat.

Question 3

energy

Answer 3

Something that is needed to make things happen or change.

Question 4

joule (J)

Answer 4

The unit for measuring energy.

Question 5

kilojoule (kJ)

Answer 5

There are 1000 joules in 1 kilojoule.

Question 6

nutrient

Answer 6

Substance needed in the diet.

Question 7

atomic energy

Answer 7

A name used to describe energy when it is stored inside materials. Another name for nuclear energy.

Question 8

chemical energy

Answer 8

A name used to describe energy when it is stored in chemicals. Food, fuel and batteries all store chemical energy.

Question 9

elastic potential energy

Answer 9

A name used to describe energy when it is stored in stretched or squashed things that can change back to their original shapes. Another name for strain energy.

Question 10

gravitational potential energy

Answer 10

A name used to describe energy when it is stored in objects in high places that can fall down.

Question 11

kinetic energy

Answer 11

A name used to describe energy when it is stored in moving things.

Question 12

law of conservation of energy

Answer 12

The idea that energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred from one store to another.

Question 13

nuclear energy

Answer 13

A name used to describe energy when it is stored inside materials.

Question 14

strain energy

Answer 14

A name used to describe energy when it is stored in stretched or squashed things that can change back to their original shapes. Another name for elastic potential energy.

Question 15

thermal energy

Answer 15

A name used to describe energy when it is stored in hot objects. The hotter something is the more thermal energy it has.

Question 16

transfer

Answer 16

When energy is moved from one store into another or from one place to another we say it is transferred.

Question 17

biofuel

Answer 17

A fuel made from plants or animal droppings.

Question 18

coal

Answer 18

A fossil fuel made from the remains of plants.

Question 19

electricity

Answer 19

A way of transferring energy through wires.

Question 20

fossil

Answer 20

The remains of a dead animal or plant that became trapped in layers of sediment and turned into rock.

Question 21

fossil fuel

Answer 21

Coal, oil and natural gas – all fuels that were formed from the remains of dead plants and animals.

Question 22

fuel

Answer 22

A substance that contains a store of chemical or nuclear energy that can easily be transferred.

Question 23

fuel cell

Answer 23

A machine that combines hydrogen and oxygen gases to produce electricity.

Question 24

generate

Answer 24

Produce electricity.

Question 25

hydrogen

Answer 25

A gas that burns.

Question 26

natural gas

Answer 26

Fossil fuel formed from the remains of microscopic dead plants and animals that lived in the sea.

Question 27

non-renewable

Answer 27

Any energy resource that will run out because we cannot renew our supplies of it (e.g. oil).

Question 28

nuclear fuel

Answer 28

Radioactive metals such as uranium. Nuclear fuels are used in nuclear power stations to generate electricity.

Question 29

oil

Answer 29

Fossil fuel formed from the remains of microscopic dead plants and animals that lived in the sea.

Question 30

renewable

Answer 30

An energy resource that will never run out (e.g. solar power).

Question 31

uranium

Answer 31

A radioactive metal that can be used as a nuclear fuel.

Question 32

geothermal power

Answer 32

Generating electricity using heat from rocks underground.

Question 33

hydroelectric power

Answer 33

Generating electricity by letting moving water (usually falling from a reservoir) turn turbines and generators.

Question 34

photosynthesis

Answer 34

Process that plants use to make their own food. It needs light to work.

Question 35

solar cell

Answer 35

Flat panels that use energy transferred by light to produce electricity.

Question 36

solar panel

Answer 36

Flat plates that use energy from the Sun to heat water.

Question 37

solar power

Answer 37

Generating electricity using energy from the Sun.

Question 38

solar power station

Answer 38

A large power station that uses the Sun to heat water to make steam. The steam is used to make electricity in a similar way to fossil fuel or nuclear power stations.

Question 39

wind turbine

Answer 39

A kind of windmill that generates electricity using energy transferred by the wind.

Question 40

climate change

Answer 40

The changes in weather that will be caused because the Earth is getting hotter (sometimes called ‘global warming’). This is happening because of the activities of humans, and is probably caused by too much carbon dioxide in the air.

Question 41

efficiency

Answer 41

A way of saying how much energy something wastes.