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Flashcards in PL.2 Deck (21)
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1
Q

What functional group does amines have?

A

-NH2 amine functional group.

2
Q

How many alkyl groups are attached to the nitrogen in primary amines?

A

One.

3
Q

How many alkyl groups are attached to the nitrogen in secondary amines?

A

Two.

4
Q

What does the amine group look like in secondary amines?

A

-NH-

5
Q

How many alkyl groups are attached to the nitrogen in tertiary amines?

A

Three.

6
Q

How many hydrogens are attached to the nitrogen in tertiary amines?

A

None.

7
Q

What are the two ways of naming amines?

A

-amine, e.g. methylamine, or amino-, e.g. 2-aminopropane.

8
Q

What properties of amines are cause by the presence of a lone pair on the nitrogen?

A

Its solubility in water and ability to act as a base.

9
Q

What is the trend between the size of an amine chain and it solubility in water?

A

Longer chain amines are not as soluble in water as shorter chain amines.

10
Q

The amine with a lone pair can act as a proton what?

A

Acceptor. Therefore it acts as a base.

11
Q

What is the general formula for primary amide?

A

R-CONH2

12
Q

Carboxylic acid is not reactive enough to react with amines to produce amides, what is normally used instead?

A

Acyl chloride or acid anhydride.

13
Q

What is the general formula for secondary amide?

A

R-CONH-R’

14
Q

What are polymers called when the linking group of the monomers is a secondary amide group?

A

Polyamides, or nylons.

15
Q

What monomers are polyamides or nylons made from?

A

Diamine and dicarboxylic acid, or acid derivatives could be used as well.

16
Q

When a nylon has two numbers in its name, what does the first number correspond to?

A

The number of carbon atoms in the diamine.

17
Q

When a nylon has two numbers in its name, what does the second number correspond to?

A

The number of carbon atoms in the dicarboxylic acid.

18
Q

When a nylon only has one number in its name, what does it indicate about its monomer?

A

There’s only one monomer, and it contains an amine group at one end and a carboxylic group at the other.

19
Q

What are acyl chlorides?

A

They are essentially reactive forms of carboxylic acid.

20
Q

What suffix is given to indicate acyl chloride?

A

-yl chloride

21
Q

What are two examples of reactions where they are used instead of carboxylic acids to increase reactivity?

A
  • Reacting with amines to produce amides.

- Reacting with alcohols to produce esters.